Computer Engineering (English for Special Purposes). Андриенко А.С. - 48 стр.

UptoLike

ВУЗ: 

ТТИ ЮФУ | Таганрог

Составители: 

Рубрика: 

48
you run programs with a click of a mouse
10
. Also like NT, OS/2
performs best when you are using a powerful system. Many IBM-
based PCs are shipped
11
with OS/2 preinstalled.
UNIX is a multi-user operating system that allows
12
multiple
users
13
to access
14
the system. Traditionally, UNIX was run on larger
mini computers to which users accessed the systems using terminals
and not PC's. UNIX allowed each user to simultaneously
15
run the
programs they desired
16
. Unlike NT and OS/2, UNIX is not DOS
compatible. Most users would not purchase UNIX for their own use.
Windows 2000 & XP are the most popular user-oriented
operating systems with a friendly interface and multitasking
capabilities.
Vocabulary:
1. complex — сложный
2. to consume — потреблять
3. to realize — понять, осознать
4. smart — умный
5. decade — декада, десятилетие
6. version — версия
7. to enhance — увеличивать, расширять
8. on top of DOS — «сверху», на основе ДОС
9. compatible — совместимый
10. with a click of a mouse — одним щелчком кнопки мыши
11. are shipped — поставляются
12. to allow — позволять
13. multiple users — многочисленные пользователи
14. access — доступ
15. simultaneously — одновременно
16. to desire — желать
1. Match the following words with the given definition: UNIX,
DOS, NT, OS/2, Windows 95.
1) Like NT, ... is DOS compatible and provides a graphical user
interface that lets you run programs with a click of a mouse.
2) … is the most commonly used PC operating system
3) … is a multi-user operating system that allows multiple users to
access the system
4) … is an operating system developed by Microsoft, the enhanced
version of the popular Microsoft Windows Programs.
5) The usage of ... is so simple that even little kids learn how to
use it very quickly.
65
10. Large-scale integration (LSI)-большая интегральная схема,
БИС
TEXT 5
Pre-reading task
1. Read the second part of the text ‘What is a Microprocessor’?
2. Study the definition of terms given below the text.
3. Discuss the following questions in group:
a) Find in the text the definition of a microprocessor. What
kind of new information has been added to its content?
b) What is the history of the invention of this logic device?
c) What is the function of the microprocessor?
d) What does a typical microprocessor consist of?
e) What is the feature of bit-sliced chips made by the bipolar
technology?
f) How are modern microprocessors differentiated?
What is a Microprocessor?
Part II
A microprocessor is the central arithmetic and logic unit of a
computer, together with its associated circuitry, scaled down so that it
fits on a single silicon chip (sometimes several chips) holding tens of
thousands of transistors, resistors and similar circuit elements. It is a
member of the family of large-scale integrated circuits that reflect the
present state of evolution of a miniaturization process that began with
the development of the transistor in the late 1940's. A typical
microprocessor chip measures half a centimeter on a side. By adding
anywhere from 10 to 80 chips to provide timing, program memory,
random-access memory
1
, interfaces for input and output signals and
other ancillary functions, one can assemble a complete computer
system on a board whose area does not exceed the size of this page.
Such an assembly is a microcomputer, in which the microprocessor
serves as the master component. The number of applications for
microprocessors is proliferating daily in industry, in banking, in power
generation and distribution, in telecommunications and in scores of
consumer products, ranging from automobiles to electronic games.
As in the central processing unit, or CPU, of a larger
computer, the task of the microprocessor is to receive data in the form

Страницы