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Семинар №5. Синтаксис древнеанглийского периода.
1. Прочитайте и проанализируйте текст №6.
Текст для анализа № 6 (Ohthere’s Voyage, c. 893)
Ōhthēre sǣde his hlāforde, Ælfrēde cyninᵹe, þæt hē ealra Norðmonna norþmest
būde. Hē cwæð þæt hē būde on þǣm lande norþweardum wiþ þā Westsǣ. Hē sǣde
þēah þæt þæt land sīe swīðe lanᵹ norþ þonan; ac hit is eal wēste, būton on fēawum
stōwum styċċe-mǣlum wīciað Finnas, on huntoðe on wintra and on sumera on
fisċaþe be þǣre sǣ.
Hē s
ǣde þæt hē æt sumum ċirre wolde fandian hū lonᵹe þæt land norþryhte
lǣᵹe oþþe hwæðer ǣniᵹ mon benorðan þǣm wēsterne būde. Þā fōr hē norþryhte be
þǣm lande; lēt him ealne weᵹ þæt wēste land on ðæt stēor-bord, and þā wīd-sǣ on
ðæt bæc-bord, þrīe daᵹas. Þā wæs hē swā feor norþ þā hwælhuntan firrest faraþ. Þā
fōr hē þā ᵹīet norþryhte swā hē meahte on þæm ōþrum þrīm daᵹum ᵹesiᵹlan. Þā bēaᵹ
þæt land þǣr ēast-ryhte oþþe sēo sǣ in on ðæt lond, h
ē nysse hwæðer, būton hē wisse
ðæt hē ðǣr bād westanwindes and hwōn norþan, and siᵹlde ðā ēast be lande, swā-swā
hē meahte on fēower daᵹum ᵹesiᵹlan.
Þā sċeolde hē ðǣr bīdan ryht-norþanwindes; for-ðǣm þæt land bēaᵹ þǣr
sūðryhte oþþe sēo sǣ in on ðæt land hē nysse hwæþer. Þā siᵹlde hē þonan sūðryhte
be lande, swā-swā hē mehte on fīf daᵹum ᵹesiᵹlan. Ðā læᵹ þǣr ān miċel ēa up-in on
þæt land. Þā
ċirdon hīe up-in on ðā ēa, for-þǣm hīe ne dorston forþ bi þǣre ēa siᵹlan
for unfriþe; for-þǣm ðæt land wæs eall ᵹebūn on ōþre healfe þǣre ēas. Ne mētte hē
ǣr nān ᵹebūn land, siþþan hē from āᵹnum hām fōr; ac him wæs ealne weᵹ wēste land
on þæt stēorbord, būtan fiscerum ond fuᵹelerum ond huntum, ond þæt wǣron eall
Finnas; ond him wæs āwīdsǣ on þæt bæcbord. Þā Boermas heafdon sīþe wel ᵹebūd
hiraland: ac hīe ne dorston þǣr on cuman. Ac þāra Terfinna land wæs eal wēste,
būton ðǣr huntan ᵹewīcodon, oþþe fisceras, oþþe fuᵹeleras.
Fela spella him s
ǣdon þā Beormas ǣᵹþer ᵹe of hiera āᵹnum lande ᵹe of þǣm
landum þe ymb hīe ūtan wǣron, ac hē nyste hwæt þæs sōþes wæs, for-þǣm hē hit
self ne ᵹeseah. Þā Finnas, him þūhte, and þā Beormas sprǣcon nēah ān ᵹeþēode.
Swīþost hē fōr ðider, tō-ēacan þǣs lands sċēawunᵹe, for þǣm hors-hwælum, for-ðǣm
hīe habbað swīðe æþele bān on hiora tōþum, – þā tēð hīe brōhton sume þǣm cyninᵹe
–, and hiora hȳd bið swīðe ᵹōd tō sciprāpum. S
ē hwæl bið micle lǣssa þonne ōðre
hwalas: ne bið hē lenᵹra ðonne syfan elna lanᵹ; ac on his āᵹnum lande is sē betsta
hwælhuntað; þā bēoð eahta and fēowertiᵹes elna lange, and þā mǣstan fīftiᵹes elna
lanᵹe; þāra hē sǣde þæt hē syxa sum ofslōᵹe syxtiᵹ on twām daᵹum.
Hē wæs swȳðe spēdiᵹ man on þǣm ǣhtum þe heora spēda on bēoð, þæt is, on
wildrum. Hē hæfde þā ᵹȳt, ðā hē þone cyningc sōhte, tamra dēora unbebohtra syx
hund. Þā dēor hī hātað “hrānas”; þāra wǣron syx stælhrā
nas; ðā bēoð swȳðe dȳre mid
Finnum, for ðǣm hȳ fōð þā wildan hrānas mid. Hē wæs mid þǣm fyrstum mannum
on þǣm lande: næfde hē þēah mā ðonne twēntiᵹ hrȳðera, and twentiᵹ scēapa, and
twentiᵹ swȳna; and þæt lȳtle þæt hē erede, hē erede mid horsan. Ac hyra ār is mǣst
on þǣm ᵹafole þe ðā Finnas him ᵹyldað.
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