История языка Часть 1. Английский язык. Андросова М.А. - 97 стр.

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Семинар №12. Фонетические и морфологические изменения,
происходившие в ранненовоанглийский период.
1. Сравните две группы слов:
a) совр.а. rude дриз. rude б) совр.а. new д.а. nēowe
совр.а. rule дфр. reule совр.а. dew д.а. dēaw
совр.а. true д.а. trēow совр.а. due дфр. dewe
совр.а. grew д.а. grēow совр. а. view дфр. vewe
Чем объясняется современное произношение гласного в этих словах?
Почему в словах группы а) отсутствует фонема /j/, звучащая в словах
группы б)?
Текст для анализа № 34. (Roger Ascham. The Sckolemaster, 1570)
I do gladlie agree with all good Scholemasters in these pointes: to haue children
brought to good perfitnes in learning: to all honestie in maners: to haue all fautes
rightlie amended: to haue euerie vice seuerelie corrected: but for the order and waie
that leadeth rightlie to these pointes, we somewhat differ. For commonlie, many
scholemasters, some, as I haue seen, moe, as I haue heard tell, be of so crooked a
nature, as, when they meete with a hard witted scholer, they rather breake him, than
bowe him, rather marre him, then mend him. For whan the scholemaster is angrie
with some other matter, then will he sonest faul to beate his scholer: and though he
him selfe should be punished for his folie, yet must he beate some scholer for his
pleasure: though there be no cause for him to do so, nor yet fault in the scholer to
deserue so. These ye will say, be fond scholemasters, and fewe they be, that be found
to be soch. They be fond in deede, but surelie ouermany soch be found euerie where.
But this I will say, that euen the wisest of your great beaters, do as oft punishe
nature, as they do correcte faultes. Yea, many times, the better nature, is sorer
punished: For, if one, by quicknes of witte, take his lesson readelie, an other, by
hardnes of witte, taketh it not so speedelie: the first is alwaies commended, the other
is commonlie punished: whan a wise scholemaster, should rather discretelie consider
the right disposition of both their natures, and not so moch wey what either of them
is able to do now, as what either of them is likelie to do hereafter. For this I know,
not onelie by reading of bookes in my studie, but also by experience of life, abrode in
the world, that those, which be commonlie the wisest, the best learned, and best men
also, when they be olde, were neuer commonlie the quickest of witte, when they
were yonge. The causes why, amongst other, which be many, that moue me thus to
thinke, be these fewe, which I will recken. Quicke wittes commonlie, be apte to take,
vnapte to keepe: soone hote and desirous of this and that: as colde and sone wery of
the same againe: more quicke to enter spedelie, than hable to pearse farre: euen like
ouer sharpe tooles, whose edges be verie soone turned. Soch wittes delite them selues
in easie and pleasant studies, and neuer passe farre forward in hie and hard sciences.
And therefore the quickest wittes commonlie may proue the best Poetes, but not the
wisest Orators: readie of tonge to speake boldlie, not deepe of iudgement, either for
good counsell or wise writing. Also, for maners and life, quicke wittes commonlie,
be, in desire, newfangle, in purpose, vnconstant, light to promise any thing, readie to
forget euery thing: both benefite and inurie: and therby neither fast to frend, nor

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