История языка Часть 1. Английский язык. Андросова М.А. - 95 стр.

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95
waneth & dycreaseth another season. And that comyn Englysshe that is spoken in one
shyre varyeth from another in so moche that in my dayes happened that certayn
marchauntes were in a ship in Tamyse for to have sayled over the see into Zelande.
And for lacke of wynde thei taryed atte forlond; and wente to land for to refreshe
them. And one of thaym, named Sheffelde, a mercer, came in to an hows and axed
for mete, and specyally he axyd after eggys. And the goode wyf answerede that she
coude speke no Frenshe. And the marchaunt was angry; for he also coude speke no
Frenshe, but wolde have hadde egges; and she understode hym not. And thenne at
laste a nother sayd that he wolde have eyren. Then the good wyf sayd that she
understod hym wel. Loo, what sholde a man in thyse dayes now wryte: egges or
eyren? Certynly it is harde to playse every man by cause of dyversitie & chaunge of
langage. For in these dayes every man that is in ony reputacyon in his countre wyll
utter his comyncacyon and maters in such maners & termes that fewe men shall
understonde theym. And som honest and grete clerkes have ben wyth me and desired
me to wryte the moste curyous termes that I coude fynde. And this bytwene playn,
rude, & curyous, I stande abasshed. But in my judgmente the comyn termes that be
dayli used ben lyghter to be understonde than the olde and auncyend Englysshe. And
for as moche as this present booke is not for a rude uplondyssh man to laboure
therein, ne rede it, but onely for a clerke & a noble gentylman that feleth and
understondeth in faytes of armes, in love, & in noble chyvalrye, therefor in a meane
bytwene bothe I have reduced & translated this sayd booke in to our Englysshe, not
over rude ne curyous but in such termes as shall be understanden by Goddys grace
accordynge to my copye.
13. Найдите в тексте слова, в которых в XV в. происходили фонетические
изменения.
14. Найдите в тексте придаточные предложения. Определите, какими
средствами они вводятся.
15. Объясните, как произносилось в XV в. слово also (д.а. eal swa). Докажите
правильность предполагаемых вами звуковых переходов. В каком еще слове
есть элемент, развившийся через появление глайда между гласным /а/ и
согласным /l/.
16. Объясните развитие форм д.а. претерито-презентного глагола cann – cuðe.
Почему изменился дентальный суффикс?
17. Найдите в тексте аналитические формы глагола и проанализируйте их.
18. Чем вызвано варьирование в произношении и написании слов:
egges // eyren?
19. Прокомментируйте следующую фразу из текста: our langage now used
varyeth ferre from that which was used and spoken whan I was borne. Почему
возникла такая языковая ситуация?
20. Найдите слова, в которых гласный /а/ в XV в. перешел в гласный /æ/.
21. Определите, в каких еще словах в XV в. произошли фонетические
изменения. Какой характер они носили?

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