Учебно-методическое пособие для подготовки к экзамену по английскому языку (для студентов экономических специальностей). Бегун Н.В - 18 стр.

       4. Hylsa of Mexico is using the sponge iron process. It is implement-             3. ENKA-Glanzstoff AG is increasing its marginal profit by 30% ( )
ing direct reduction technology and preventing massive pollution of its coke      recovering zinc from its rayon plant effluents.
furnaces.                                                                                4. The key to 3M's success has been giving corporatewide recogni-
       5. Companies can avoid costly delay. They become concerned about           tion to the importance of technological innovation (      ) making the com-
environmental impact ahead of time.                                               pany efficient and profitable.
       6. A company can increase profits. It focuses attention on waste                  5. In the United States, the paper companies have begun to look at
avoidance.                                                                        their industrial wastes as ways (      ) making money.
       7. At 3M all corporate personnel from the shop floor upward are mo-               6. Many existing plants and processes in all industries tend to have a
bilized. They are contributing their knowledge and observations.                  good margin (        ) improving efficiency.
       8. Plants have efficiently lessened pollution. They have recovered
materials for reuse.                                                              3. Business Communications.
       9. In Germany more than 200 new companies have set themselves              Summarization.
up. They are providing environmental products and services.                              The ability to summarize is a skill vital to both oral and written busi-
       10. The corporation is surviving. It is adapting to its environment.       ness transactions. A summary presents only the most important information
       11. ENKA-Glanzstoff AG is increasing its marginal profit. It is re-        in a concise form. You will need this skill when writing business reports or
covering zinc from its rayon plant effluents.                                     in presenting lengthy oral explanations.
       12. By 1976, 3M had decided to attack the problem at its roots. It ap-     The following questions are based on the text. Answer each question with
plied its know-how.                                                               one complete sentence.
       13. The company is increasing profits. It is focusing attention on                Example: Question: Some businesses have long understood that eco-
waste avoidance.                                                                  nomic progress can go hand in hand with what?
       14. Some companies are turning waste to profit. They are taking a                 Solution: Economic progress can go hand in hand with environmental
positive view of pollution.                                                       protection.
       15. A company can grow. It investigates new areas in which to de-                 1. The three examples of companies cited in the introduction show
velop products and services.                                                      the reader what?
       16. The technology of an industry must have a good margin for im-                 2. What sort of technologies can be found in many industries and
proving efficiency. It economizes by means of a no-waste approach.                what does this mean for attempts to reduce pollution?
B. Communicating other meanings with prepositions and verbs plus –ing.                   3. Not only poorly managed businesses but also what other kinds of
                                                                                  businesses in Europe and North America are capable of benefiting the
       In the article there are also other prepositions which go before verbs     economy and the environment?
ending in -ing. Most verbs following prepositions must end in -ing.                      4. As an example of how a company works toward pollution preven-
       Example: The industry changed to a new process without giving con-         tion, how did 3M organize in its effort to reduce or lessen pollution?
sideration to future environmental demands.                                              5. Besides helping companies maintain or increase profits, what has
       In this article, there are four such prepositions used: for, of, in, and   been another benefit of the concern with pollution?
instead of. Choose the best of these four prepositions to complete the                   6. How does this new business help a nation's economy?
blanks in the following sentences:                                                       7. How are some companies planning for the future?
       1. (       ) expending money, 3M saved $11 million by viewing pol-                8. How can companies make pollution prevention pay?
lution as an indicator of waste.                                                         Taking the answers to the questions in the above exercise and putting
       2. As a by-product (         ) processing at its Washington plant, Geor-   them together, we have a paragraph similar to the one that follows. Com-
gia Pacific is producing 190-proof alcohol.                                       pare your paragraph to the one below. Note that this paragraph is a sum-
                                                                                  mary of the most important information found in the article.
                                      35                                                                                36