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21
3. … 25th May.
4. … Thursday.
5. … 10 o’clock.
6. … next month.
7. … the morning.
8. … noon.
VI. Which time expressions from the box complete which sentence?
(Some of the expressions are suitable for more than one sentence). Do the
sentences and time expressions refer to the past, present or future? Put a
tick next to the sentence in the table.
since then – in less than a generation – more than 100 years ago – from
1945 – today – last week – for too many years – now – before then –
during this period
Past Present Future
1. …. , we have inescapably been at the corner
of the world affairs.
2. … , we’ve been willing to adopt the princi-
ples and tactics of our adversaries.
3. I want to speak to you … about the strands
that connect our actions overseas.
4. …, I spoke in California about the domestic
agenda for our Nation.
5. …, we’ve seen the world change considera-
bly.
6. …, I believe in detente with our former op-
ponent.
7. …, Abraham Lincoln said that our Nation
could not exist half slave and half free.
8. …, America was largely on the periphery of
the world affairs.
9. Our policy … was guided by two principles.
10. The American history dates … .
VII. Combine these pairs of the sentences using the first conditional like
this:
The dollar is devalued. Oil costs less. →
If the dollar is devalued, oil will cost less.
Real condition: If + S + Present Simple Verb Form,
Its Results: S + will + Indefinite Infinitive Form
1. The price of oil comes down. It strengthens demand.
2. Oil consumption rises. OPEC members can raise their prices.
3. The dollar is worth less. It reduces OPEC’s members purchasing
power.
4. OPEC members raise production ahead of demand. The price of oil
falls.
5. “High absorbers” do not introduce austerity measures. They run out of
money.
6. Non-OPEC countries produce more oil. OPEC’s market share falls.
7. The country can borrow money from the International Monetary Fund.
It realizes its 5-year plant to provide more employment and to bring
down inflation.
8. Developing countries stop importing. It damages the western economy.
9. The US poultry products now need a license. They are imported to
Russia.
VIII. Combine these pairs of sentences in the second conditional, like this:
Prices of eight of the most traded commodities rise. Fall in demand is
modest. →
If prices of eight of the world’s most traded commodities rose, fall in de-
mand would be modest.
Unreal condition: If + S + Past Simple Verb Form,
Its Results: S + would + Simple Infinite Form
3. … 25th May. 10. The American history dates … .
4. … Thursday.
5. … 10 o’clock.
6. … next month. VII. Combine these pairs of the sentences using the first conditional like
7. … the morning. this:
8. … noon. The dollar is devalued. Oil costs less. →
If the dollar is devalued, oil will cost less.
VI. Which time expressions from the box complete which sentence?
(Some of the expressions are suitable for more than one sentence). Do the Real condition: If + S + Present Simple Verb Form,
sentences and time expressions refer to the past, present or future? Put a Its Results: S + will + Indefinite Infinitive Form
tick next to the sentence in the table.
1. The price of oil comes down. It strengthens demand.
since then – in less than a generation – more than 100 years ago – from 2. Oil consumption rises. OPEC members can raise their prices.
1945 – today – last week – for too many years – now – before then – 3. The dollar is worth less. It reduces OPEC’s members purchasing
during this period power.
4. OPEC members raise production ahead of demand. The price of oil
falls.
5. “High absorbers” do not introduce austerity measures. They run out of
Past Present Future
money.
1. …. , we have inescapably been at the corner 6. Non-OPEC countries produce more oil. OPEC’s market share falls.
of the world affairs. 7. The country can borrow money from the International Monetary Fund.
2. … , we’ve been willing to adopt the princi- It realizes its 5-year plant to provide more employment and to bring
ples and tactics of our adversaries. down inflation.
3. I want to speak to you … about the strands 8. Developing countries stop importing. It damages the western economy.
that connect our actions overseas. 9. The US poultry products now need a license. They are imported to
4. …, I spoke in California about the domestic Russia.
agenda for our Nation.
5. …, we’ve seen the world change considera- VIII. Combine these pairs of sentences in the second conditional, like this:
bly.
6. …, I believe in detente with our former op- Prices of eight of the most traded commodities rise. Fall in demand is
ponent. modest. →
7. …, Abraham Lincoln said that our Nation If prices of eight of the world’s most traded commodities rose, fall in de-
could not exist half slave and half free. mand would be modest.
8. …, America was largely on the periphery of
the world affairs. Unreal condition: If + S + Past Simple Verb Form,
9. Our policy … was guided by two principles.
Its Results: S + would + Simple Infinite Form
21
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