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II Skills
A) Identifying the topic, main idea(s), and supporting
details
Ex. 1
You should have underlined the first sentence in the paragraph –
this is the stated main idea. What can be concluded from the informa-
tion is: If you do not follow the rules, you will automatically fail the
test. This concluding information is found in the last sentence.
Ex. 2
I. The Main Idea Sentence: There are three main benefits from
exercise: weight loss, muscle tone, and cardiovascular improvement.
A. Supporting Detail #1: weight loss
B. Supporting Detail #2: muscle tone
C. Supporting Detail #3: cardiovascular improvement
II. Concluding Sentence: All of these benefits are the result of
exercise, so start an exercise program today!
Ex. 3
1) The main idea of this article is that paparazzi, who overstep
the limits and violate the privacy of celebrities, are no better than
criminals.
2) The main idea of the article is that a recent research has again
proved the importance of sleep for our brain activity, while surveys
show that most people do not use sleep properly.
3) Jay Gardner tries to build relationship with the Iraqi leaders,
because Americans want to prevent the creation of a fundamentalist
government in Iraq.
E. Linking Ideas
Organizing a formal text
Ex.1:
1 First of all / Firstly
2 in other words
3 For example / For instance
100
4 Next
5 as it were
6 Lastly
7 In summary or in sum (more formal). (In conclusion would
not be suitable here, since it just means ‘this is the end of the text’,
whereas this sentence provides a summing up of the arguments in the
text.)
Ex.2:
1 this will not be discussed
2 as an aside / secondary issue
3 change the topic
4 to finish off
5 this document is about another one
6 read something earlier in the text
Addition
Ex. 1:
1 Further to
2 In addition to
3 etc./ and so on
4 in addition to / as well as / apart from / besides
5 Further more / Moreover / Likewise
VII. ANSWERS TO EXERCISES 4 Next
5 as it were
II Skills 6 Lastly
7 In summary or in sum (more formal). (In conclusion would
A) Identifying the topic, main idea(s), and supporting not be suitable here, since it just means ‘this is the end of the text’,
details whereas this sentence provides a summing up of the arguments in the
Ex. 1 text.)
You should have underlined the first sentence in the paragraph – Ex.2:
this is the stated main idea. What can be concluded from the informa- 1 this will not be discussed
tion is: If you do not follow the rules, you will automatically fail the 2 as an aside / secondary issue
test. This concluding information is found in the last sentence. 3 change the topic
Ex. 2 4 to finish off
I. The Main Idea Sentence: There are three main benefits from 5 this document is about another one
exercise: weight loss, muscle tone, and cardiovascular improvement. 6 read something earlier in the text
A. Supporting Detail #1: weight loss
B. Supporting Detail #2: muscle tone Addition
C. Supporting Detail #3: cardiovascular improvement Ex. 1:
II. Concluding Sentence: All of these benefits are the result of 1 Further to
exercise, so start an exercise program today! 2 In addition to
3 etc./ and so on
Ex. 3
4 in addition to / as well as / apart from / besides
1) The main idea of this article is that paparazzi, who overstep
5 Further more / Moreover / Likewise
the limits and violate the privacy of celebrities, are no better than
criminals.
2) The main idea of the article is that a recent research has again
proved the importance of sleep for our brain activity, while surveys
show that most people do not use sleep properly.
3) Jay Gardner tries to build relationship with the Iraqi leaders,
because Americans want to prevent the creation of a fundamentalist
government in Iraq.
E. Linking Ideas
Organizing a formal text
Ex.1:
1 First of all / Firstly
2 in other words
3 For example / For instance
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