Theoretical phonetics. Study guide for second year students. Борискина О.О - 39 стр.

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stress, accent and prominence; 4. temporal characteristics (duration, tempo,
pausation); 5. loudness; 6. rhythm; 7. timbre (voice quality); 8. the emotional
colouring of the voice; 9. the pace of speech.
• Fill in the gaps. What function of intonation do you consider to be primary /
of bigger / of minor importance?
Ref. [Соколова, 2003, pp.147-148; Леонтьева,1988, SRM, p.69-77].
Intonation helps
(1) ___________________________________________________________;
for example, by telling the listener what the speaker thinks is important in a
sentence; (2) ___________________________________________________
(for example, new versus old information); (3) to oil the wheels of social
interaction (i.e. __________________________________________________).

Task4. Which suprasegmental features are rule-governed and relatively
discourse-indifferent and which are discourse-sensitive and speaker’s intention-
dependant?

Task5. How can you give extra prominence to an element of discourse in
English?
What circumstances govern the placement of prominence?
• Fill in the gaps and demonstrate how the assignment of prominence depends
on the discourse and situational context.
Prominence in English is used to (1) ________________________________
(2)_______________________________ (3)__________________________
• Identify the prominent element in each statement. Explain your choice.
1. Thank you.                         5. It's getting late.
2. I'm sure she will.                 6. He's my uncle.
3. It's raining again.                7. He's an Accountant.
4. She's in the dining room.          8. She told me about it.

Task 6. What words are typically prominent in English? Ref. [Леонтьева,1988,
SRM, pp.69-77] __________________________________________________
What words are typically nonprominent? _______________________________
Why do you think repeated words are rarely prominent? ___________________
Do question words in English generally receive prominence?_______________
Do question words in Russian generally receive prominence?_______________

Task 7. Practice predicting and assigning prominence. Add additional emphasis
via volume, length, and/or pitch.
Waitress: Are you ready to order?
Customer 1: Yes, I think so.
Waitress: What will you have?
Customer 1:I think I'll have enchiladas. Chicken enchiladas.
Waitress: Chicken enchiladas. And for you, sir?
Customer2: I'd like curry. Vegetable curry.