Английский язык. Справочник по грамматике, устные темы и контрольные задания. Бухарова Г.П. - 124 стр.

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TEXT 9

What Is a Polytechnic?

Polytechnics were established by the government in 1966 in order to

concentrate in major colleges the large amount of work of university standard being

done outside the university.

In many ways the polytechnics and universities are similar; for example, in

much of the work they do. However, there are two important differences. Firstly,

universities are autonomous bodies. Secondly, universities, being autonomous, award

their own degrees. Most degrees in polytechnics are awarded by a national body

called the Council for National Academic Awards. The Council ensures that the

degrees awarded in polytechnics are comparable in standard to degrees awarded by

universities.

Polytechnics are teaching institutes. They have more varied courses than any

other higher educational institute. They provide courses for various levels from post

GCE "A"-level to post-graduate level. Courses are also of various patterns: full-time,

part-time and sandwich. The student, has therefore, a wide range of choice, such as a

pure academic study, a study of an applied nature or a professional qualification.

About two-thirds of Polytechnic graduates get qualifications in subjects of an

applied nature and take their first jobs in the field for which they have studied.

Polytechnics have close links with commerce and industry. Many of them are

vocational, that is, prepare students for technical jobs. They produce technologists,

technicians and craftsmen.

At a polytechnic, as at a university, students come from different backgrounds,

have diverse interests and follow a variety of courses.

Students' life at polytechnic is interesting and varied, socially, as well as

educationally.

Polytechnics play a main role in higher education.

Answer the questions:

1. When were Polytechnics established?

2. What is the difference between universities and Polytechnics?

3. What courses do Polytechnics provide for students?

4. How do Polytechnics cooperate wth industry and commerce?