Техническое чтение для энергетиков. Бухарова Г.П. - 97 стр.

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99
is, at the temperature of liquid nitrogen).
One use for the new superconductors would be to replace those that need the
extreme cold of liquid helium – huge superconducting electromagnets used in nuclear
magnetic resonance research, atomic particle acceleration and research reactors.
Other types of electromagnets made with superconductors could be used to
lower the cost of electric generation and storage. Such uses may take 10 years of
research, a quicker use will probably be in electronics.
Researchers now estimate that tiny but immensely powerful highspeed
computers using superconductors may be three to five years away. Further off are
300 m.p.h. trains that float on magnetic cushions which now exist as prototypes but
may take at least a decade to perfect. Power lines that can meet a city's electric needs
with superconductor cables may be even further in the future.
Meanwhile, scientists around the world are trying to turn the new materials into
useful products. Among the most notable is a micron-thin film to transmit useful
amounts of electric current without losing superconductivity. The film could be used
in the microscopic circuitry of advanced computers as high-speed pathway
(маршрут, соединение) between computer chips.
Several nations are known to be very active in superconductor research. For
example, the United States is spending millions of dollars on such research, much of
it for military uses: projectile accelerators, lasers, ship and submarine propulsion.
SAVE THE PLANET
Today's global economy has been formed by market, not by the principles of
ecology. This has created an economy that is destroying its natural support system
(система естественной поддержки). It is eco-economy that we need today to save
the planet. An eco-economy is one that satisfies our needs without affecting the
prospects of future generations to meet their needs. Therefore, it is necessary to turn
our economy into in eco-economy. To build an eco-economy means to restore carbon
balance, to stabilize population and water use, and to conserve forests, soils and
variety of plant and animal life in the world.
Such an eco-economy will affect every side of our lives. It will change how we
light our homes, what we eat, where we live, how we use our free time, and how
many children we have. It will give us a world where we are a part of nature.
Building a new economy means eliminating and replacing old industries,
restructuring existing ones, and creating new ones. The generation of electricity from
wind is one such industry. Soon millions of turbines will be turning wind into
electricity. In many countries, wind will provide both electricity and hydrogen. To-
gether, electricity and hydrogen can meet all the energy needs of a modern society.
Another industry that will play an important part in the new economy is
management of available water supply most efficiently. Irrigation technology will
become more efficient. The recycling of urban waste water will become common. At
present, water flows into and out of cities, carrying waste with it. In the future, water
will be used again and again, never discharged (спускать, выливать). As water does

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