Пусковые системы ГТД. Чигрин В.С - 12 стр.

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12
ȼɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɣ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɨɛɨɪɨɬɧɭɸ ɬɭɪɛɢ-
ɧɭ, ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɭɸ ɧɚ ɩɨɞɨɝɪɟɬɨɦ ɫɠɚɬɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ. ɑɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ
ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬ 50000…60000 ɨɛ/ɦɢɧ. Ɋɚɫɯɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ 30…40 ɤȼɬ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 0,35…0,4 ɤɝ/ɫ. ɍɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɚɫ-
ɫɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ 0,2…0,25 ɤɝ/ɤȼɬ, ɚ ɜɫɟɣ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɣ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɵɦ ɝɚɡɨɬɭɪɛɢɧɧɵɦ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɫɠɚɬɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ – 0,8…1,4
ɤɝ/ɤȼɬ.
Ɉɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɬɚ, ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɛɨɥɶ-
ɲɚɹ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɦɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢ ɦɚɥɵɯ ɦɚɫɫɟ ɢ ɝɚɛɚ-
ɪɢɬɚɯ, ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɬɟɥɚ ɫɠɚɬɨɝɨ –ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ,
ɨɬɛɢɪɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɬ ȼɋɍ ɢɥɢ ɨɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ – ɜɫɟ ɷɬɨ ɞɟɥɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɞɭɲ-
ɧɭɸ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɥɟɬɚɬɟɥɶ-
ɧɵɯ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ ɫ ɦɧɨɝɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɨɜɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ.
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɨɦ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɜɭɯɤɨɧɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɝɚ-
ɡɨɬɭɪɛɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ Ⱦ-30Ʉɍ. Ɋɚɫɤɪɭɬɤɚ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɝɚɡɨɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɜ
ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɦ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɨɦ ɋɬȼ-3.
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɋɬȼ-3:
– ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɫɨɩɥɨɜɵɦ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɦ ɬɭɪɛɢɧɵ – 0,32…0,36 Ɇɉɚ;
– ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɧɚ ɜɯɨɞɟ ɜ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ – 375…565 Ʉ;
– ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ – 0,94…1,64 ɤɝ/ɫ;
– ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪɚ – 8,14;
– ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ – 100 ɤȼɬ;
– ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɚɥɚ – 3500 ɨɛ/
ɦɢɧ;
– ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɤɚɫɤɚɞɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɪɨɢɫ-
ɯɨɞɢɬ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ –
200
250
4200
ɨɛ/ɦɢɧ;
– ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɚɬɱɢɤɚ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɚɥɚ – 5250…5600 ɨɛ/ɦɢɧ;
– ɦɚɫɫɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ – 17,5 ɤɝ;
– ɫɦɚɡɤɚ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ – ɦɚɫɥɨ ɆɄ-8, ɆɄ8ɉ ɢ ɢɯ ɫɦɟɫɢ;
– ɜɪɟɦɹ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ – 30 ɫ.
Ɍɭɪɛɢɧɚ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɋɬȼ-3 ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɨ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɨɣ ɜɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɌȺ-6Ⱥ ɢɥɢ ɨɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ 0,32…1,16
Ɇɉɚ. Ɂɚɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɫɨɩɥɨɜɵɦ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɦ ɬɭɪɛɢɧɵ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ
ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 0,33…0,36 Ɇɉɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɫɥɨɧɤɨɣ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ.
Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɣ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ ɋɬȼ-3 ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɣ
ɬɭɪɛɢɧɵ, ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɡɚɫɥɨɧɤɢ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ (ɪɢɫ. 4).
Ɂɚɫɥɨɧɤɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɩɨɞɚɱɟɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢ-
ɜɚɟɬ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ, ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɤ ɬɭɪɛɢɧɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ.
Ɉɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɚ ɗɆɌ-707 ɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ.
12
      ȼɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɣ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɨɛɨɪɨɬɧɭɸ ɬɭɪɛɢ-
ɧɭ, ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɭɸ ɧɚ ɩɨɞɨɝɪɟɬɨɦ ɫɠɚɬɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ. ɑɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ
ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬ 50000…60000 ɨɛ/ɦɢɧ. Ɋɚɫɯɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ 30…40 ɤȼɬ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 0,35…0,4 ɤɝ/ɫ. ɍɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɚɫ-
ɫɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ 0,2…0,25 ɤɝ/ɤȼɬ, ɚ ɜɫɟɣ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɣ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɵɦ ɝɚɡɨɬɭɪɛɢɧɧɵɦ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɫɠɚɬɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ – 0,8…1,4
ɤɝ/ɤȼɬ.
      Ɉɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɬɚ, ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɛɨɥɶ-
ɲɚɹ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɦɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢ ɦɚɥɵɯ ɦɚɫɫɟ ɢ ɝɚɛɚ-
ɪɢɬɚɯ, ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɬɟɥɚ ɫɠɚɬɨɝɨ –ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ,
ɨɬɛɢɪɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɬ ȼɋɍ ɢɥɢ ɨɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ – ɜɫɟ ɷɬɨ ɞɟɥɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɞɭɲ-
ɧɭɸ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɥɟɬɚɬɟɥɶ-
ɧɵɯ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ ɫ ɦɧɨɝɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɨɜɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ.
      ɉɪɢɦɟɪɨɦ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɜɭɯɤɨɧɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɝɚ-
ɡɨɬɭɪɛɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ Ⱦ-30Ʉɍ. Ɋɚɫɤɪɭɬɤɚ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɝɚɡɨɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɜ
ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɦ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɨɦ ɋɬȼ-3.
         Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɋɬȼ-3:
     –   ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɫɨɩɥɨɜɵɦ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɦ ɬɭɪɛɢɧɵ – 0,32…0,36 Ɇɉɚ;
     –   ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɧɚ ɜɯɨɞɟ ɜ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ – 375…565 Ʉ;
     –   ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ – 0,94…1,64 ɤɝ/ɫ;
     –   ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪɚ – 8,14;
     –   ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ – 100 ɤȼɬ;
     –   ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɚɥɚ – 3500 ɨɛ/ɦɢɧ;
     –   ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɤɚɫɤɚɞɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɪɨɢɫ-
         ɯɨɞɢɬ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ – 4200 200
                                                            250 ɨɛ/ɦɢɧ;
     –   ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɚɬɱɢɤɚ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
         ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɚɥɚ – 5250…5600 ɨɛ/ɦɢɧ;
     –   ɦɚɫɫɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ – 17,5 ɤɝ;
     –   ɫɦɚɡɤɚ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ – ɦɚɫɥɨ ɆɄ-8, ɆɄ8ɉ ɢ ɢɯ ɫɦɟɫɢ;
     –   ɜɪɟɦɹ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ – 30 ɫ.
      Ɍɭɪɛɢɧɚ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɋɬȼ-3 ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɨ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɨɣ ɜɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɌȺ-6Ⱥ ɢɥɢ ɨɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ 0,32…1,16
Ɇɉɚ. Ɂɚɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɫɨɩɥɨɜɵɦ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɦ ɬɭɪɛɢɧɵ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ
ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 0,33…0,36 Ɇɉɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɫɥɨɧɤɨɣ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ.
      Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɣ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ ɋɬȼ-3 ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɣ
ɬɭɪɛɢɧɵ, ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɡɚɫɥɨɧɤɢ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ (ɪɢɫ. 4).
      Ɂɚɫɥɨɧɤɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɩɨɞɚɱɟɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢ-
ɜɚɟɬ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ, ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɤ ɬɭɪɛɢɧɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ.
Ɉɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɚ ɗɆɌ-707 ɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ.

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