Пусковые системы ГТД. Чигрин В.С - 11 стр.

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11
ɪɨɬɨɪɵ ɬɭɪɛɨɤɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɨɪɚ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɭɪɛɢɧɵ ɜɪɚɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠ-
ɧɵɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ.
Ɋɟɞɭɤɬɨɪ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ (ɪɢɫ. 3) ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɩɥɚɧɟɬɚɪɧɭɸ
ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɭ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɭɸ ɢɡ ɞɜɭɯ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɲɟɫɬɟɪɟɧ –
ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɢ ɦɚɥɨɣ, ɬɪɟɯ ɩɚɪɚɡɢɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɬɪɟɯ ɫɚɬɟɥɥɢɬɧɵɯ ɲɟɫɬɟɪɟɧ, ɡɭɛɱɚɬɨɝɨ
ɜɟɧɰɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɡɚɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ (ɞɜɚ ɡɭɛɱɚɬɵɯ ɤɨɥɟɫɚ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɚɤ ɟɞɢɧɨɟ
ɤɨɥɟɫɨ).
ɉɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪɚ
25,14 i .
ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɬɭɪɛɨɤɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɨɪ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ
ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ, ɚ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɚɹ ɬɭɪɛɢɧɚ – ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɨɡɪɚɫ-
ɬɚɸɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ. ɉɪɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɚ-
ɥɚ, ɪɚɜɧɨɣ 3200 ɨɛ/ɦɢɧ, ɰɟɧɬɪɨɛɟɠɧɵɣ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɩɨɞɚɱɭ –
ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ.
Ƚɚɡɨɬɭɪɛɢɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɬɨɦ ɠɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɟ ɢ ɦɚɫɥɟ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɨɫ-
ɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ. ɉɨɞɚɱɚ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɢ ɦɚɫɥɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɛɚɤɨɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɜɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɚɦɢ. Ɇɚɫɥɨ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɦɚɡɤɢ ɩɨɞɲɢɩɧɢɤɨɜ ɢ
ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪɚ ɨɬɤɚɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɤɨɪɩɭɫɚ ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪɚ ɷɠɟɤɬɨɪɧɵɦ ɧɚɫɨɫɨɦ ɜ ɤɨɪɨɛɤɭ
ɩɪɢɜɨɞɨɜ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ.
2.2.2. ȼɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɟ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɵ
ȼɨɡɞɭɲɧɚɹ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ – ɷɬɨ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɪɚɫɤɪɭɬɤɭ
ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɦ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɨɦ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶ-
ɡɭɸɳɢɦ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɸ ɫɠɚɬɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɡɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɢɬɚ-
ɧɢɹ.
Ɋɢɫ. 3. Ʉɢɧɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪɚ:
1 – ɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɲɟɫɬɟɪɧɹ; 2 – ɩɚɪɚɡɢɬɧɚɹ ɲɟɫɬɟɪɧɹ; 3 – ɡɭɛ-
ɱɚɬɵɣ ɜɟɧɟɰ; 4 – ɫɚɬɟɥɥɢɬ; 5 – ɦɚɥɚɹ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɲɟɫɬɟɪɧɹ; 6 – ɜɨɞɢɥɨ
ȼ
ȺɅȺ
ȼ
ɕɏ
n
.
ɋ
Ɍ
n
1
2
3
4
5
6
                                                                       11
ɪɨɬɨɪɵ ɬɭɪɛɨɤɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɨɪɚ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɭɪɛɢɧɵ ɜɪɚɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠ-
ɧɵɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ.
     Ɋɟɞɭɤɬɨɪ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ (ɪɢɫ. 3) ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɩɥɚɧɟɬɚɪɧɭɸ
ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɭ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɭɸ ɢɡ ɞɜɭɯ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɲɟɫɬɟɪɟɧ –
ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɢ ɦɚɥɨɣ, ɬɪɟɯ ɩɚɪɚɡɢɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɬɪɟɯ ɫɚɬɟɥɥɢɬɧɵɯ ɲɟɫɬɟɪɟɧ, ɡɭɛɱɚɬɨɝɨ
ɜɟɧɰɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɡɚɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ (ɞɜɚ ɡɭɛɱɚɬɵɯ ɤɨɥɟɫɚ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɚɤ ɟɞɢɧɨɟ
ɤɨɥɟɫɨ).                  3


                                          4
                             2

                                                  6

                         1

   nɋɌ
                                         5                   nȼɕɏ .ȼȺɅȺ


   Ɋɢɫ. 3. Ʉɢɧɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪɚ:
   1 – ɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɲɟɫɬɟɪɧɹ; 2 – ɩɚɪɚɡɢɬɧɚɹ ɲɟɫɬɟɪɧɹ; 3 – ɡɭɛ-
   ɱɚɬɵɣ ɜɟɧɟɰ; 4 – ɫɚɬɟɥɥɢɬ; 5 – ɦɚɥɚɹ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɲɟɫɬɟɪɧɹ; 6 – ɜɨɞɢɥɨ

      ɉɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪɚ i 14,25 .
      ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɬɭɪɛɨɤɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɨɪ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ
ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ, ɚ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɚɹ ɬɭɪɛɢɧɚ – ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɨɡɪɚɫ-
ɬɚɸɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ. ɉɪɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɚ-
ɥɚ, ɪɚɜɧɨɣ 3200 ɨɛ/ɦɢɧ, ɰɟɧɬɪɨɛɟɠɧɵɣ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɩɨɞɚɱɭ –
ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ.
      Ƚɚɡɨɬɭɪɛɢɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɬɨɦ ɠɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɟ ɢ ɦɚɫɥɟ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɨɫ-
ɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ. ɉɨɞɚɱɚ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɢ ɦɚɫɥɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɛɚɤɨɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɜɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɚɦɢ. Ɇɚɫɥɨ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɦɚɡɤɢ ɩɨɞɲɢɩɧɢɤɨɜ ɢ
ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪɚ ɨɬɤɚɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɤɨɪɩɭɫɚ ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪɚ ɷɠɟɤɬɨɪɧɵɦ ɧɚɫɨɫɨɦ ɜ ɤɨɪɨɛɤɭ
ɩɪɢɜɨɞɨɜ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ.
                    2.2.2. ȼɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɟ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɵ
     ȼɨɡɞɭɲɧɚɹ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ – ɷɬɨ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɪɚɫɤɪɭɬɤɭ
ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɦ ɬɭɪɛɨɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɨɦ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶ-
ɡɭɸɳɢɦ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɸ ɫɠɚɬɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɡɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɢɬɚ-
ɧɢɹ.

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