Пусковые системы ГТД. Чигрин В.С - 16 стр.

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16
Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɛɟɡɭɞɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɭɮɬɵ, ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɭ-
ɥɚɱɤɨɦ ɢ ɫɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɫɩɢɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɭɠɢɧɚ. ɉɨɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɩɪɭ-
ɠɢɧɵ ɫɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɪ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɪɨɥɢɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɟ ɫ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯ-
ɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɛɨɣɦɵ. Ɂɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɤɥɢɧɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɯ
ɪɨɥɢɤɨɜ, ɟɫɥɢ ɭɝɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɤɭɥɚɱɤɚ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɭɝɥɨɜɭɸ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɜɪɚɳɟ-
ɧɢɹ ɨɛɨɣɦɵ.
3.4. Ⱦɜɭɯɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞ
Ⱦɜɭɯɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɤɪɭɬɹɳɟɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ
ɨɬ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɤ ɪɨɬɨɪɭ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɢ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ, ɚ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ
ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ – ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɤɪɭɬɹɳɟɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɨɬ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɤ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɭ-
ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɭ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɱɢɫɥɚɦɢ.
Ʉɢɧɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɞɜɭɯɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 7.
ɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɜ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɪɨɬɨɪ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɢɜɨ-
ɞɢɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɮɪɢɤɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɦɭɮɬɭ ɢ ɩɨɧɢɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɭ ɫ
ɲɟɫɬɟɪɧɹɦɢ 3-9 ɢ 7-5. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɛɟɠɧɚɹ ɯɪɚɩɨɜɚɹ ɦɭɮɬɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ, ɚ
ɪɨɥɢɤɨɜɚɹ ɨɛɝɨɧɧɚɹ ɦɭɮɬɚ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ-
ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ, ɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɪɨ-
ɬɨɪɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɟɬ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ. ɗɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɜɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɤ ɪɚɫɰɟɩɥɟ-
ɧɢɸ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɛɟɠɧɨɣ ɯɪɚɩɨɜɨɣ ɦɭɮɬɵ,
ɚɡɚɬɟɦ – ɤ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɸ
ɪɨɥɢɤɨɜɨɣ ɨɛɝɨɧɧɨɣ ɦɭɮɬɵ. ɉɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɷɬɨ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɭɝɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ
ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɭɥɚɱɤɚ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɭɝɥɨɜɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɨɣɦɵ.
ɋɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ, ɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɤɪɭ-
Ɋɢɫ. 6. Ɋɨɥɢɤɨɜɚɹ ɦɭɮɬɚ:
1 – ɜɟɞɭɳɢɣ ɤɭɥɚɱɨɤ; 2 – ɫɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɪ; 3 – ɪɨɥɢɤ;
4 – ɜɟɞɨɦɚɹ ɨɛɨɣɦɚ; 5 – ɡɚɤɥɟɩɤɚ
1
2
3
4
5
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                                                       5




             Ɋɢɫ. 6. Ɋɨɥɢɤɨɜɚɹ ɦɭɮɬɚ:
             1 – ɜɟɞɭɳɢɣ ɤɭɥɚɱɨɤ; 2 – ɫɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɪ; 3 – ɪɨɥɢɤ;
             4 – ɜɟɞɨɦɚɹ ɨɛɨɣɦɚ; 5 – ɡɚɤɥɟɩɤɚ

      Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɛɟɡɭɞɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɭɮɬɵ, ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɭ-
ɥɚɱɤɨɦ ɢ ɫɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɫɩɢɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɭɠɢɧɚ. ɉɨɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɩɪɭ-
ɠɢɧɵ ɫɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɪ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɪɨɥɢɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɟ ɫ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯ-
ɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɛɨɣɦɵ. Ɂɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɤɥɢɧɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɯ
ɪɨɥɢɤɨɜ, ɟɫɥɢ ɭɝɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɤɭɥɚɱɤɚ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɭɝɥɨɜɭɸ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɜɪɚɳɟ-
ɧɢɹ ɨɛɨɣɦɵ.
                         3.4. Ⱦɜɭɯɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞ
      Ⱦɜɭɯɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɤɪɭɬɹɳɟɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ
ɨɬ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɤ ɪɨɬɨɪɭ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɢ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ, ɚ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ
ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ – ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɤɪɭɬɹɳɟɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɨɬ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɤ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɭ-
ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɭ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɱɢɫɥɚɦɢ.
      Ʉɢɧɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɞɜɭɯɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 7.
ɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɜ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɪɨɬɨɪ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɢɜɨ-
ɞɢɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɮɪɢɤɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɦɭɮɬɭ ɢ ɩɨɧɢɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɭ ɫ
ɲɟɫɬɟɪɧɹɦɢ 3-9 ɢ 7-5. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɛɟɠɧɚɹ ɯɪɚɩɨɜɚɹ ɦɭɮɬɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ, ɚ
ɪɨɥɢɤɨɜɚɹ ɨɛɝɨɧɧɚɹ ɦɭɮɬɚ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ-
ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ, ɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɪɨ-
ɬɨɪɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɟɬ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ. ɗɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɜɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɤ ɪɚɫɰɟɩɥɟ-
ɧɢɸ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɛɟɠɧɨɣ ɯɪɚɩɨɜɨɣ ɦɭɮɬɵ, ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ – ɤ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɸ
ɪɨɥɢɤɨɜɨɣ ɨɛɝɨɧɧɨɣ ɦɭɮɬɵ. ɉɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɷɬɨ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɭɝɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ
ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɭɥɚɱɤɚ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɭɝɥɨɜɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɨɣɦɵ.
ɋɬɚɪɬɟɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ, ɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɤɪɭ-

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