Английский язык. Учебные задания. Циленко Л.П. - 6 стр.

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1. The name electronics is known to be derived from the word "electron", the electron itself being the basic
unit of negative electricity.
2. The Sun being near the zenith, its rays are nearly vertical.
3. The temperature of an object being raised, the velocity of electrons increases.
III. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие сложные предложения. Обратите внима-
ние на перевод условных предложений (см. образец выполнения III).
1. If you invent something, it’s a good idea to register a patent for it in the next day!
2. If my mobile phone had been working, I would have got in touch with you.
3. Calculations have shown that a 10° F increase would be enough to melt the polar ice caps.
IV. Прочитайте и устно переведите с первого по пятый абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно пе-
реведите первые четыре абзаца.
Пояснения к тексту
1. to carry out – выполнять
2. to enhance – повышать
3. portable – портативный
4. conventional – обычный, традиционный
Computers
1. Computer is an electronic device that can receive a program (a set of instructions) and then carry out this
program by calculating numerical information. The modern world of high technology is possible mainly due to
the development of the computer. Computers have opened up a new era in manufacturing by means of automa-
tion, and they have enhanced modern communication systems.
2. Personal computers are also called microcomputers or home computers. The most compact are called
laptops. They are portable and work on built-in batteries. Personal computers are designed for use at homes,
schools, and offices. At home they can be used for home management and for playing computer games, watch-
ing films or listening to music. Schoolchildren can use computers for doing their homework and many schools
now have computers for independent learning and computer-literacy studies. In the office personal computers
may be used for the word processing, bookkeeping, storage and handling of necessary information.
3. Personal computers were made possible by two technical innovations in the field of microelectronics: the
integrated circuit, or IC, which was developed in 1959 and the microprocessor that appeared in 1971. The IC
permitted the miniaturization of computer-memory circuits, and the microprocessor reduced the size of com-
puter’s CPU to the size of a single silicon chip. Because a CPU calculates, performs logical operations, contains
operating instructions, and manages data flows, a complete microcomputer as a separate system was designed
and developed in 1974.
4. In 1981, IBM Company offered its own microcomputer model, the IBM PC that became a necessary tool
for almost every business. The PC’s use of faster and more powerful personal computers, and its use of an op-
erating system that was available to all other computer makers led to a standardization of the industry. In the
mid – 1980-s, a number of other developments were especially important for the growth of personal computers.
One of these was the introduction of a powerful 32-bit CPU capable of running advanced operating systems at
high speeds.
5. Another innovation was the use of conventional operating systems, such as UNIX, OS/2 and Windows.
The Apple Macintosh computers were the first to allow the user to select icons – graphic symbols of computer

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