Методические указания и контрольное задание №5 по английскому языку для студентов заочного факультета специальностей 170600, 170700, 120100, 120200. Доржиева Г.Б - 19 стр.

                            PART II                                   skimmed off. These waste products are called slag and are
                                                                      worthless. The liquid iron is then poured out into a mold to cool
                Additional Texts for Reading                          and become solid. Later, it can be heated again and molded to
                             Text I                                   make useful items.
I.     Read the text using the words from the list:                     If it is to be made into steel, iron is melted again and mixed
                                                                      with carbon in another careful process. There are many kinds of
                         Vocabulary list:                             steel, and the process for making each kind is different.
                                                                        The inclusion of other elements affects the properties of the
1. blast furnace – доменная печь                                      steel. Manganese gives extra strength and toughness. Steel
2. bauxite(n) – боксит                                                containing 4 per cent silicon is used for transformer cores or
3. skim off(v) – снимать                                              electromagnets because it has large grains acting like small
4. slag(n) – шлак                                                     magnets. The addition of chromium gives extra strength and
5. ore(n) – руда                                                      corrosion resistance, so we can get rust-proof steels. Heating in
6. rustproof(atr) – нержавеющий                                       the presence of carbon or nitrogen-rich materials is used to form
                                                                      a hard surface on steel (case-hardening). High-speed steels,
                                                                      which are extremely important in machine-tools, contain
                                METALS                                chromium and tungsten plus smaller amounts of vanadium,
                                                                      molybdenum and other metals.
  If you look around you, you will see that many of the things we
use in our daily life have metal in them. Metals are substances
that are mined from the earth where they were formed a long time      2. Scan the text for information that answers the questions
ago. When metals are mined, they are found mixed with rocks           below:
and earth in a form called ore.
  The most common ores are iron and bauxite. Aluminum, a               1. What equipment and materials are needed to extract iron
metal used for many household objects, is made from bauxite.              from iron ore?
There are as many as seventy different kinds of metals, but iron is    2. How is steel made?
the most commonly used.                                                3. How does different inclusion of other elements influence
    After iron ore is mined the rocks and dirt must be separated          the properties of the steel?
from the metal. This process is called smelting and is done by
heating the ore in giant blast furnaces.                              3. Match the following words and definitions:
  The ore is placed in a steel furnace which is lined with bricks.
Then a special kind of coal, called coke, is added along with         a. mine         1. the ore from which aluminum is made
limestone. Hot air is forced into the furnace, heating the mixture    b. furnace      2. baked clay
to 1.600 degrees centigrade. The metal in the ore becomes liquid      c. process      3. to dig a hole in order to obtain something
and sinks to the bottom. Other substances rise to the top and are     d. brick        4. extremely large