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other times, for example, during the Depression and during
World War II, smaller numbers of immigrants came to the U.S.
Since the 1960s, more and more people have fled the poverty
and wars in Asia and Latin America in the hope of finding a
better life in the United States.
2. There is, of course, another side to America’s ethnic
pluralism and racial variety, one that Americans, more than any
other people, are aware of. The first slaves brought to what is
today the United States arrived to Virginia on board a Dutch
ship in 1619. On the eve of the American Revolution, slavery
was already firmly established in what was shortly to be the
United States of America. In 1776, probably about a fifth of all
inhabitants in the British colonies in America were Negro
slaves.
3. Between 1777 and 1804, all states in the new republic
north of Maryland abolished slavery. However, neither the
north nor the south would escape the grave social, economic,
political, and moral problems that are the heritage of slavery.
Although the Civil War (1861 – 1865) brought an end to
slavery in all of the states, discrimination against blacks would
continue. Ironically, some countries that were among the
greatest slave – trading nations for so long, such as Portugal,
Spain, and England, have largely escaped the consequences
which almost all Americans have come to accept as rightly
theirs. Americans know that although most of their ancestors
came to America by choice, a great many did not.
II. Rewrite the following words, find their derivatives from the
text and translate them.
Model: plural – pluralism (плюрализм)
1. plural
2. tolerance
3. starve
4. persecute
5. slave
III. Choose and write down the words with similar meaning:
Model: Disease = illness, …
Disease, turmoil, establish, accept, continue, adopt, go on,
illness, commotion, found.
IV. Match the following words with their definitions:
Model: 1. abolish – f) to put to an end
1. abolish a) to search for
2. slave b) the opportunity
3. eve c) to move from one country to
settle elsewhere
4. inhabitant d) a person held against his will
and made to work for another
5. escape e) forefather
6. emigrate f) to put to an end
7. consequence g) the evening before a special
day or holyday
8. seek h) to get free
9. ancestor i) the natural result from a
preceding action
10. choice j) a person who resides
permanently
V. Read these sentences and arrange them according to the
logic of the text.
1. Slavery was abolished in all the states north of
Maryland in the late 18
th
and early 19
th
centuries.
2. Ethnic pluralism and racial variety characterizes
American society.
3. Many people have immigrated to the USA because of
wars, revolutions, periods of starvation, persecutions,
and religious intoleration in order to find a better life.
4. The first slaves appeared in America, in Virginia.
5. The majority of European immigrants came to the
United States in the first decades of the 20
th
century.
other times, for example, during the Depression and during III. Choose and write down the words with similar meaning:
World War II, smaller numbers of immigrants came to the U.S. Model: Disease = illness, …
Since the 1960s, more and more people have fled the poverty Disease, turmoil, establish, accept, continue, adopt, go on,
and wars in Asia and Latin America in the hope of finding a illness, commotion, found.
better life in the United States.
2. There is, of course, another side to America’s ethnic IV. Match the following words with their definitions:
pluralism and racial variety, one that Americans, more than any Model: 1. abolish – f) to put to an end
other people, are aware of. The first slaves brought to what is
today the United States arrived to Virginia on board a Dutch 1. abolish a) to search for
ship in 1619. On the eve of the American Revolution, slavery 2. slave b) the opportunity
was already firmly established in what was shortly to be the 3. eve c) to move from one country to
United States of America. In 1776, probably about a fifth of all settle elsewhere
inhabitants in the British colonies in America were Negro 4. inhabitant d) a person held against his will
slaves. and made to work for another
3. Between 1777 and 1804, all states in the new republic 5. escape e) forefather
north of Maryland abolished slavery. However, neither the 6. emigrate f) to put to an end
north nor the south would escape the grave social, economic, 7. consequence g) the evening before a special
political, and moral problems that are the heritage of slavery. day or holyday
Although the Civil War (1861 – 1865) brought an end to 8. seek h) to get free
slavery in all of the states, discrimination against blacks would 9. ancestor i) the natural result from a
continue. Ironically, some countries that were among the preceding action
greatest slave – trading nations for so long, such as Portugal, 10. choice j) a person who resides
Spain, and England, have largely escaped the consequences permanently
which almost all Americans have come to accept as rightly
theirs. Americans know that although most of their ancestors V. Read these sentences and arrange them according to the
came to America by choice, a great many did not. logic of the text.
1. Slavery was abolished in all the states north of
II. Rewrite the following words, find their derivatives from the Maryland in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
text and translate them. 2. Ethnic pluralism and racial variety characterizes
Model: plural – pluralism (плюрализм) American society.
3. Many people have immigrated to the USA because of
1. plural wars, revolutions, periods of starvation, persecutions,
2. tolerance and religious intoleration in order to find a better life.
3. starve 4. The first slaves appeared in America, in Virginia.
4. persecute 5. The majority of European immigrants came to the
5. slave United States in the first decades of the 20th century.
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