18th Century Britain. Иностранный язык. Фомина И.В. - 9 стр.

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Scottish members were added to the 513 members of the English House of
Commons and sixteen Scottish peers to the House of Lords. After 1689 the case for a
union was very strong indeed. England had adopted the Hanoverian succession, the
country had been involved in war with France and was fearful that there might be a
Jacobite invasion through Scotland. By the union the English avoided the danger of a
separate Scottish foreign policy. The Act of Union was intended to strengthen the
country weakened with the War of the Spanish Succession.
    The Scots obtained access to the English colonies. Scotland had long been
dissatisfied with English indifference to her economic aspirations. Due to the Union
of 1707 Scotland ceased to be "the wilderness to the English garden". From a country
poor in national resources and rich in native talent trained in one of the best
educational systems of the time, the Scots invaded the English colonies and England
itself. They became customs officers in Jamaica, doctors in London, and district
magistrates in British India.
    The basic principles of the Union were the protestant succession to a united
monarchy, the establishment of a single state with one parliament and one executive,
a common economic and fiscal system. While the Scots parted with their parliament
and separate executive they kept their separate legal system, separate church, and
separate educational system.
    Since then the British has been proud of their government which combined
monarchical (the hereditary ruler), aristocratic (the hereditary House of Lords), and
democratic (the elected House of Commons) elements. The reign of Queen Anne had
been marked by parliamentary elections that took place every three years.
    Queen Anne had no surviving children. She was succeeded by her nearest
Protestant relative, the elector of Hanover, who came from Germany in 1714 and was
accepted as King George I of Great Britain. A new era of British history began.


Ex. 7. Each sentence in this exercise has a factual mistake. Find and correct it.

1.    William III was succeeded by Queen Anne, Mary’s elder sister.
2.    Early in the 18th century England and Scotland were ruled by different
monarchs, and they remained two separate kingdoms.
3.    In 1707 the Kingdom of Great Britain was formed by the act of Setlement
between England and Scotland.
4.    After 1869 the case for a union was very strong indeed.
5.    The reign of Queen Anne had been marked by parliamentary elections that
took place every 5 years.


Ex. 8. Read the sentences, find Present and Past Participles and translate them
correctly.

1.    This event has been celebrated since by Orangemen, as Protestants of Northern
Ireland belonging to the Orange Order call themselves.