Ireland. A history. Part II. Иностранный язык. Фомина И.В. - 5 стр.

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Catholics were to be trodden under and Irish Protestants were to triumph. From
Drogheda Cromwell’s Puritan Parliamentary armies marched victoriously south
through Ireland.
    When the rest of the Parliamentary army’s campaign was over, Cromwell enacted
a draconian measure against those of the defeated Irish Catholics who owned land.
Catholic land in Ireland east of the Shannon was to be distributed among his soldiers
and the adventurers who had financed his campaigns. Those thus dispossessed were
transplanted beyond the Shannon to the more barren province of Connaught.
    Only the landowners, their families and retainers were transplanted. The rest of
the population, former tenants and landless labourers of those who now had to make
their homes in Connaught, stayed behind in the same capacity to serve the new
Protestant settlers. But the transplantation to Connaught was a symbol of humiliated
status to all Irish Catholics everywhere. The curse of Cromwell marked them all.

   2. Retell the text.

                                      Unit III.

    1. Read and translate the text.
    When the restored monarch Charles II replaced the Cromwellian regime in 1660,
Irish Catholics hoped that he would restore them to their former status too. But he
was too wily to upset Protestants who had given him back his crown. It was only
when his Catholic brother James II succeeded to the throne that Irish Catholics felt
their moment had come. James appointed Catholics to high offices of State in Ireland
and a Catholic-dominated Irish parliament passed an act revoking the Cromwellian
land settlement. But before it could be implemented the kingdoms of England and
Ireland were split temporarily in two.
    In 1688, as the citizens of that day heard how England was replacing the Catholic
King James II with the Protestant William of Orange that, on the walls of
Londonderry, the crisis which this inevitably meant for Ireland began to be played
out. And the first stage of that crisis is still re-enacted here every year on the
anniversary of these great events.
    In the late autumn of that year, tension in the city had been mounting as a story
began to spread that Catholics in Ireland loyal to James II against William of Orange
were turning on Protestants and massacring them again, as in 1641. On top of this,
news suddenly arrived in Londonderry that a new garrison was to be sent to the city
in King James’s name to relieve the previous one – the new garrison being a Catholic
regiment of Lord Antrim’s Redshanks.
    The official decision, however, had been taken to admit the troops in the normal
way, when suddenly thirteen apprentice boys of the city took matters into their own
hands, seized the keys of the gates of Londonderry and on 7 December 1688
slammed them firmly in the face of Lord Antrim’s Redshanks – King James’s troops.
    The siege of the town by James’s forces did not start until some months later in
April 1689 and was not really pressed in earnest until two months after that. When
James presented himself before the walls in person, the Protestant soldier in