Английский язык. Ч. 4. Гималетдинова Г.К - 12 стр.

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ditionally, beautifully, angrily, comparatively.
      Упражнение 10. Определите, какими частями речи являются следую-
щие слова и образуйте от них наречия с помощью суффикса -ly: frank,
brother, brief, serious, social, careful, quick, fifth, recent, comfortable, short, slow,
father, week, relative, rapid, obvious, possible, easy, approximate, exact, healthy,
reasonable, possible, ready, strange, surprising.

                  ЗАДАНИЯ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ
    Задание 1. Сделайте устный перевод текстов А и Б. Переведите и вы-
учите слова и выражения, данные после них.
                                         Tекст A
                                   The Term Philology
       In connection with the study of language the term philology is in frequent
use. In some ways this is unfortunate, as the word and its equivalents in some
European languages (French philologie, German Philologie) are understood and
used in rather different senses.
       In British usage philology is generally equivalent to comparative philology, an
older and still quite common term for what linguists technically refer to as comparative
and historical linguistics. In German, however, Philologie refers more to the scholarly
study of literary texts, especially those of the ancient Greco-Roman world, and more
generally to the study of culture and civilization through literary documents, compara-
tive philology in the British sense being designated by another term (Vergleichende
Sprachwissenschaft). This meaning of Philologie is matched by similar uses of compa-
rable words in other European languages, and with the use of philology in American
learned circles. It may be held that in this usage the word is a convenient term to em-
ploy with reference to the links between linguistics considered as a science and the
aesthetic and humanistic study of literature. The relations of linguistics with philology in
this last sense are very close and allow of considerable overlapping.
       To sum it up, linguistics in its narrowest interpretation concentrates on the
formal analysis and description of languages as its central domain. And so far as
linguists widen the scope of their subject in dealing with meanings they may be
said to approach the realm of philological studies.
in connection with             literary text (document)        to interpret
frequent                       to designate                    domain
to be used in a different      to be matched by                to widen the scope of a sub-
    sense                      comparable                          ject
comparative philology          convenient term                 to deal with
to refer to                    considerable overlapping        the realm of philological
historical linguistics         to sum up                           studies
scholarly study                interpretation

                                  Teкст Б
                         Natural Gender in English
     English enjoys an exceptional advantage over all other major European
languages in having adopted natural (rather than grammatical) gender. In
studying other European languages the student labors under the heavy burden
of memorizing, along with the meaning of every noun, its gender. In the Ro-
mance languages, for example, there are only two genders, and all nouns that