Техника микропроцессорных систем в коммутации. Проектирование микропроцессорных систем на базе микроконтроллеров AVR фирмы Atmel. Горохин В.Н. - 13 стр.

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25
Ȼɢɬ 4 – OCIE1A: Ɋɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɪɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɸ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɚ/ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤɚ 1.
Ȼɢɬ 3 – OCIE1B: Ɋɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɪɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɸ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɚ/ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤɚ 1.
Ȼɢɬ 2 – TOIE1: Ɋɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɪɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɚ/ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤɚ 1.
Ȼɢɬ 1 – OCIE0: Ɋɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɪɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɸ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɚ/ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤɚ 1.
Ȼɢɬ 0 – TOIE0: Ɋɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɪɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɚ/ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤɚ 0.
ȼ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 7 ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚ ɪɟɠɢɦɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɚ-
ɱɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɪɹɞɨɜ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚ TIFR.
Ɍɚɛɥ. 7. Ɋɟɝɢɫɬɪ TIFR
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
OCF2 TOV2 ICF1 OCF1A OCF1B TOV1 OCF0 TOV0
R/W R/W R R R/W R R/W R
Ȼɢɬ
ɑɬ./ɡɚɩ.
ɇɚɱ.ɡɧ.
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ȼɢɬ 7 – OCF2: Ɏɥɚɝ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ T/C2.
Ȼɢɬ 6 – TOV2: Ɏɥɚɝ ɩɟɪɟɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɚ/ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤɚ 2.
Ȼɢɬ 5 – ICF1: Ɏɥɚɝ ɜɯɨɞɚ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚ 1.
Ȼɢɬ 4 – OCF1A: Ɏɥɚɝ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ 1Ⱥ.
Ȼɢɬ 3 – OCF1B: Ɏɥɚɝ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ 1B.
Ȼɢɬ 2 – TOV1: Ɏɥɚɝ ɩɟɪɟɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɚ/ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤɚ 1.
Ȼɢɬ 1 – OCF0: Ɏɥɚɝ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ T/C0.
Ȼɢɬ 0 – TOV0: Ɏɥɚɝ ɩɟɪɟɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɚ ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤɚ 1.
ȼɧɟɲɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɪɵɜɚɧɢɹ
ȼɧɟɲɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɪɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜɵɜɨɞɚɦɢ INT0, INT1 ɢ INT2. ɗɬɢ
ɩɪɟɪɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɚɠɟ ɬɨɝɞɚ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɜɵɜɨɞɵ ɫɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɤɚɤ
ɜɵɯɨɞɵ.
Ɋɟɝɢɫɬɪ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ SREG ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɨ ɧɟ ɨɛɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɨɦ, ɟɫɥɢ
ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ SREG, ɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦ-
ɦɨɣ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ.
Ⱥɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɥɟɪɚ ɀɄɂ
Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɢɤɪɨɤɨɧ-
ɬɪɨɥɥɟɪɨɜ AVR ɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɀɄɂ, ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɥɟɪɚ
HD44780 (LCD-ɦɨɞɭɥɶ). Ɋɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɀɄɂ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ 14-ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɝɨ
ɪɚɡɴɟɦɚ (ɬɚɛɥ. 8) ɨɛɦɟɧɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɫ ɦɢɤɪɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɥɟɪɨɦ AVR.
Ɇɢɤɪɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɥɟɪ ɩɨɫɵɥɚɟɬ ɜ ɀɄɂ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ (ɬɚɛɥ. 9) ɢ ASCII-ɤɨɞɵ ɜɵɜɨɞɢ-
ɦɵɯ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ. ȼ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɀɄɂ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɫɵɥɚɬɶ AVR-ɦɢɤɪɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɥɟɪɭ
ɩɨ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɭ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨ ɫɜɨɟɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɢɡ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ
ɛɥɨɤɨɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ.
26
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 8. Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ ɀɄɂ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ HD44780
ʋ
ɇɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ
ɜɵɜɨɞɚ
Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ
1 V
SS
(–) ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ. 0 V.
2 V
DD
(+) ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ.+5V.
3 V
0
ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ, ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɚ-
ɫɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ
4 RS
ȼɯɨɞ. ȼɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ – Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ; ɇɢɡɤɢɣ –
Ʉɨɦɚɧɞɵ
5 R/W ȼɯɨɞ. ȼɵɫɨɤɢɣ–ɑɬɟɧɢɟ, ɇɢɡɤɢɣ–Ɂɚɩɢɫɶ
6 E
ȼɯɨɞ. ɋɬɪɨɛ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɸɳɢɣ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɵ ɧɚ
ɲɢɧɟ «ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ/ɞɚɧɧɵɟ»
7 – 14 DB
0
– DB
7
ɒɢɧɚ «ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ/ɞɚɧɧɵɟ»
Ɍɪɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ 14-ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɴɟɦɚ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɩɢɬɚɸ-
ɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ
ɞɢɫɩɥɟɹ. ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 11 ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ.
ɂɡ ɨɫɬɚɜɲɢɯɫɹ 11 ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ 8 (DB0 – DB7) ɢɫɩɨɥɶ-
ɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɦɭɥɶɬɢɩɥɟɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɲɢɧɵ
«ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ / ɞɚɧɧɵɟ», ɢɧɚ 3 ɜɵɜɨɞɚ (RS, R/W, E) AVR-
ɦɢɤɪɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɥɟɪ ɜɵɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɵ
.
ɇɚ
ɪɢɫ. 12 ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɵ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɨɜ
ɩɪɢ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ / ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɥɟɪ ɀɄɂ. ɉɪɢ ɩɨ-
ɦɨɳɢ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɥɢɧɢɢ RS ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪ ɫɨɨɛɳɚɟɬ
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɥɟɪɭ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɚ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ
ɲɢɧɟ: ɤɨɦɚɧɞɚ ɢɥɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ. Cɢɝɧɚɥ ɧɚ ɥɢɧɢɢ ȿ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɫɬɪɨɛɨɦ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɸɳɢɦ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɵ ɧɚ ɲɢɧɟ «ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ /
ɞɚɧɧɵɟ». Ɂɚɩɢɫɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɀɄɂ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɨ ɫɩɚ-
ɞɭ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ. ɉɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ ɧɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɦ ɜɵɜɨɞɟ
R/W ɡɚɞɚɟɬ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ: ɡɚɩɢɫɶ ɜ RAM
ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɚ (R/W=0) ɢɥɢ ɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɬɬɭɞɚ (R/W=1).
Ⱦɥɹ ɫɥɭɱɚɹ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɦɢɤɪɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɥɟɪ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɥɢ-
ɧɢɣ ɜɜɨɞɚ / ɜɵɜɨɞɚ, ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɀɄɂ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ-
ɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ 4-ɪɚɡɪɹɞɧɨɣ ɲɢɧɵ «ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ / ɞɚɧɧɵɟ». ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɛɚɣɬ ɞɚɧ-
ɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɥɢɧɢɹɦ DB4 – DB7 ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɬɟɬɪɚɞɚɦɢ, ɧɚɱɢ-
ɧɚɹ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɪɲɟɣ. Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɥɟɪ ɀɄɂ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɢɟɦɚ ɛɚɣɬɚ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɢɥɢ ɛɚɣɬɚ ɞɚɧ-
ɧɵɯ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɬɚɛɥ. 9 ɞɥɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚ-
ɰɢɢ, ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ AVR-ɦɢɤɪɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɥɟɪ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɧɨɜɵɯ
ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱ.
Ɋɢɫ. 11. ɋɯɟɦɚ
ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ

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