Английский для сварщиков. Гричин С.В. - 32 стр.

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32
seam роликовая
sheet лист
butt стыковая
tungsten вольфрам
beam луч
bonding соединение, (с)крепление,
связывание
Skim the text to find out more facts about the history of welding.
Find the English equivalents in the text for the following word combinations:
Сварочная технология, твердое железо, кухонная утварь, листовая
сталь, сложное покрытие, алюминиевая проволока, сложное покрытие,
острая необходимость, проволока без покрытия.
Reading
Text 2. From the History of Welding
Welding is a technique used for joining metallic parts usually through
the application of heat. This technique was discovered during efforts to
manipulate iron into useful shapes. Welded blades were developed in the first
millennium AD, the most famous being those produced by Arab armourers
at Damascus, Syria. The process of carburization of iron to produce hard
steel was known at this time, but the resultant steel was very brittle. The
welding technique - which involved interlayering relatively soft and tough
iron with high-carbon material, followed by hammer forging - produced a
strong, tough blade.
In modern times the improvement in iron-making techniques,
especially the introduction of cast iron, restricted welding to the blacksmith
and the jeweler. Other joining techniques, such as fastening by bolts or
rivets, were widely applied to new products, from bridges and railway
engines to kitchen utensils.
Modern fusion welding processes are an outgrowth of the need to
obtain a continuous joint on large steel plates. Rivetting had been shown to
have disadvantages, especially for an enclosed container such as a boiler.
Gas welding, arc welding, and resistance welding all appeared at the end of
the 19th century. The first real attempt to adopt welding processes on a wide
scale was made during World War I. By 1916 the oxyacetylene process was
well developed, and the welding techniques employed then are still used. The
main improvements since then have been in equipment and safety. Arc

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