Английский для сварщиков. Гричин С.В. - 33 стр.

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33
welding, using a consumable electrode, was also introduced in this period,
but the bare wires initially used produced brittle welds. A solution was found
by wrapping the bare wire with asbestos and an entwined aluminum wire.
The modern electrode, introduced in 1907, consists of a bare wire with a
complex coating of minerals and metals. Arc welding was not universally
used until World War II, when the urgent need for rapid means of
construction for shipping, power plants, transportation, and structures spurred
the necessary development work.
Resistance welding, invented in 1877 by Elihu Thomson, was accepted
long before arc welding for spot and seam joining of sheet. Butt welding for
chain making and joining bars and rods was developed during the 1920s. In
the 1940s the tungsten-inert gas process, using a nonconsumable tungsten
electrode to perform fusion welds, was introduced. In 1948 a new gas-
shielded process utilized a wire electrode that was consumed in the weld.
More recently, electron-beam welding, laser welding, and several solid-
phase processes such as diffusion bonding, friction welding, and ultrasonic
joining have been developed.
After-reading activity
Refer the following statements to each of the passages of the text:
1. Application of welding techniques is decreasing nowadays.
2. Welding originated from the attempts to shape metal into useful forms.
3. Resistance welding is one of the earliest types of joining metals.
4. Industrial development in the 1950-s expedited (ускорять) the advance of
welding technologies.
Speaking
True or false?
1. Only heat is used for joining metallic parts in welding.
2. The process of carburization of iron is rather new.
3. The blacksmith and the jeweler continue to use welding techniques in their
work.
4. Welding is the only technique of joining metallic parts.
5. The modern electrode consists of a bare wire with asbestos.
6. Arc welding was not used after World War II.
7. Diffusion bonding and friction welding are solid-phase processes.

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