Английский для сварщиков. Гричин С.В. - 39 стр.

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39
total population of Alaska. The entire pipeline only disturbed about 12 square
miles of the 586,000 square miles of the state of Alaska.
Welders were called upon to handle and weld a new steel pipe thicker
and larger than most of them had ever encountered before, using electrodes
also new to most. And, the requirements were the stiffest they had ever seen.
The U.S. Department of the Interior and a new pipeline coordinating
group representing the state of Alaska instituted some changes. So, the
original specifications for field welding were tossed, replaced by much
stiffer requirements for weld toughness. Instead of the conventional pipeline
welding electrode planned originally for the bulk of field welding, the new
requirements required higher quality. The only electrode the engineers could
find that met the new requirements was an E8010-G filler metal from
Germany, so it was soon flown over by the planeload. Some of the Pipeline
Welders Union out of Tulsa, Okla., then welding in Alaska, had used this
electrode while working on lines in the North Sea, but most welders were
seeing it for the first time.
One of the requirements was 100% X-ray inspection of all welds. The
films were processed automatically in vans that traveled alongside the
welding crews.
Welders worked inside protective aluminum enclosures intended to
protect the weld joint from the wind. Lighting inside the enclosures enabled
welders to see what they were doing during Alaska's dark winter.
On the main pipeline, preheat and the heat between weld passes was
applied at first by spider-ring burners. Induction heating was used later
during construction.
High-Rise Construction
About 30 years ago, steel construction went into orbit. The 100-story
John Hancock Center in Chicago and the 110-story twin towers of New
York's World Trade Center were under construction. Above ground, the
World Trade Center required some 176,000 tons of fabricated structural
steel. The Sears Tower came later. Bethlehem Steel Corp. had received
orders for 200,000 tons of rolled steel products for the South Mall complex
in Albany, N.Y. Allied Structural Steel Co. was reported to have used
multiple-electrode gas metal arc welding in the fabrication of the First
National Bank of Chicago Building.
In a progress report on the erection of the critical corner pieces for the
first 22 floors of the 1107-ft (332-m) high John Hancock Center, an Allied
Structural Steel spokesman said various welding processes were being used
in that portion of the high-rise building. More than 12,000 tons of structural
steel were used in that section. Webs and flanges for each interior H column

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