Английский для сварщиков. Гричин С.В. - 38 стр.

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38
LNG Tankers
A triumph of the code was the huge
aluminum spheres built by General Dynamics
in Charleston, S.C. They were built to criteria
established by the U.S. Coast Guard and were
based on Section VIII, Division 1, of the
ASME Code.
At about 2 a.m. on October 2, 1976, the
first welded aluminum sphere for a liquefied
natural gas tanker was rolled out of a building
in Charleston, then moved over to a special
stand for final hydropneumatic testing. It soon passed the test with flying
colors. The sphere itself weighed 850 tons and measured 120 ft (36 m) in
diameter. Each sphere consisted of more than 100 precisely machined plates,
"orange peel" in shape. The plates were gas metal arc welded together using
7036 lb (3166 kg) of filler metal. Total length of the welds on each sphere
was 48.6 miles. Completed spheres were barged along the coast and
delivered onto steel tankers under construction at General Dynamics'
shipyard in Quincy, Mass. This type of LNG tanker was based on the Moss-
Rosenberg design from Norway.
At General Dynamics' facility in Charleston, 80% of the metalworking
manhours were spent welding. Much of the filler metal deposited in
Charleston was 5183 aluminum. The vertical joints were welded using
special equipment from Switzerland in which the operator rode in a custom-
designed chair alongside the welding arc. At this distance, he was able to
monitor the weld and observe the oscillation of the 1Z.5 -mm diameter filler
metal. Actual welding was controlled
remotely. About 30 weld passes were
required for each joint.
The massive equatorial ring was
welded outdoors. In this setup, nine
heavily machined, curved aluminum
extrusions had to be welded together. To
do it, 88 GMA weld passes were made
from the outside and 60 more from the
inside.
The Alaska Pipeline
Perhaps no single welding event in history ever received so much
attention as did the Alaska Pipeline. Crews of seasoned welders braved
Alaska's frigid terrain to weld this large-diameter pipeline, from start to
finish. At one point, 17,000 people were working on the pipeline - 6% of the

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