Английский для сварщиков. Гричин С.В. - 98 стр.

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98
in a sponsorship project which has been run by TWI in collaboration with
possible users and machine-builders.
In principle, the method is based on obtaining a sufficiently high
temperature to forge two aluminium components, using a rotating tool which
moves along the joint. The temperature is under the melting point of
aluminium.
The aluminium components which are going to be joined are clamped
to a TIG using a powerful fixture. A tool with a cylindrical shoulder and with
a special profile is positioned above the centre line of the joint. The tool is
rotated at at a peripheral speed and is pushed into the material with great
force. The material comes plastic as a result of the frictional heat and is
forced to rise around the rotating probe until the shoulder of the tool comes
into direct contact with the surface of the aluminium. When the tool is moved
along the joint, the material is plasticised by the frictional heat of the front of
the rotating probe and moves behind the probe, thereby forming a weld. This
process continues as long as the tool is moved along the joint.
The Friction Stir Welding of alumimium 60 82 -T6 or SS 4212-06 has
been shown to produce high strength values. Typical values for the ultimate
strength across joint are in the range of 211-230 N/mm2, without ageing.
Higher strength can be obtained by thermal ageing. The specification for the
base material is a minimum of 290 N/mm2. Bending tests and tensile tests
have been conducted without any negative observations. Fractures took place
in the base material HAZ.
Thick material. When welding materials оf more than 15 mm, the
welding is done from both sides. The maximum thickness is around 30 mm at
100% penetration. The welding speed is approximately 180 mm/min.
Welding speed. The welding speed depends on the dimensions and the
alloys which are used. The spindle speed also affects the welding speed. For
example, the welding speed in material 5 mm thick can be 610 mm/min with
a 60 82-T6 alloy.
Joint types. Butt joints and lap joints can be welded. Corner joints and
other special joints can also be welded, but the method, accessibility,
complete penetration requirements and so on must be taken into account
when they are planned.
Welding data. In Friction Stir Welding, the welding parameters are
dependent on the aluminium alloy, the dimensions, the speed of the spindle
and the traveling speed. In addition, the design of the tool has an important
effect on the welding result. Work on all these parameters is in progress with
the aim of building up data bank for the progress in order to facilitate the use
of Friction Stir Welding.

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