Лекции по лексикологии английского языка. Гусева Г.В. - 36 стр.

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a) homonyms identical in their grammatical meanings, basic forms and

paradigms and different in their lexical meanings: board – a council and

board – a piece of wood sawn thin;

b) homonyms identical in their grammatical meanings and basic forms, but

different in their lexical meanings and paradigms: to lie – lied – lied, and

to lie – lay – lain;

c) homonyms different in their lexical meanings, grammatical meanings,

paradigms, but coinciding in their basic forms: light (lights) - light

(lighter, lightest);

d) homonyms different in their lexical meanings, grammatical meanings, in

their basic forms and paradigms, but coinciding in one of the forms of

their paradigms: a bit and bit (from to bite);

e) patterned homonyms differ from other homonyms, having a common

component in their lexical meanings. They are formed either by means of

conversion, or by levelling of grammar inflexions. These homonyms are

different in their grammatical meanings, in their paradigms, but identical

in their basic forms: warm – to warm.

Lecture 10

Synonymy. Paronymy. Antonymy

I. Synonyms

Synonyms are words different in their outer aspects, but identical or similar

in their inner aspects. In English there are many synonyms, because there are a lot

of borrowings: hearty (native) – cordial (borrowing). After a word is borrowed it

undergoes desynonymization, because absolute synonyms are unnecessary for a