Лекции по лексикологии английского языка. Гусева Г.В. - 58 стр.

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4. Differences in pronunciation. In AE we have r-coloured fully articulated

vowels in the combinations: ar, er, ir, or, ur, our etc. In BE the sound [o]

corresponds to the AE [Λ], e.g. not. In BE before fricatives and

combinations of consonants with fricatives a is pronounced as [a:] in AE, it

is pronounced [ǽ]: class [kl ǽs], fast [fǽst]. There are some differences in

the position of the stress: BE add`ress – AE `address, BE re`cess – AE

`recess.

IV. Local Dialects on the British Isles

There are six groups of English local dialects: Lowland (Scottish), Northern,

Western; Midland, Eastern, Southern. They are used in oral speech by local

population. Only the Scottish dialect has its own literature (R. Burns).

One of the best known dialects of British English is the dialect of London -

Cockney. There are some peculiarities of it: interchange of [v] and [w] – wery vell;

interchange of [h] and [´] - ´eart for heart.

As compared with the national literary vocabulary dialectal vocabularies

include a limited number of words. They are mainly names for local customs,

social life, natural conditions and farming: laird “landed proprietor, kirk “church“.

Many dialectisms are emotionally coloured: Scot. bonny, daffy. National words

may have a different meaning in dialects: Scot. call (to drive), short (rude). Some

affixes are dialectal. The Irish diminutive suffix –een can be added even to English

stems: girleen, squireen. Besides, dialectal vocabularies do not include scientific or

technical terms.

V. Local Dialects in the USA

There exist a number of local dialects which are divided into three major

groups: Northern, Southern and Midland (North Midland and South Midland).