Квантовая теория двойного и тройного деления атомных ядер. Кадменский С.Г - 14 стр.

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14
ȼɨɥɧɨɜɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ
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JM
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< ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɩɨɥɧɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ
ɨɛ ɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɢ ɞɟɥɹɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɹɞɪɚ ɨɬ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɹɦɟ
ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɟɞɥɨɜɵɟ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɫ
ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɉȾɋ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɨɞ q ɜ ɨɤɪɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɚ
ɞɟɥɹɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɹɞɪɚ ɧɚ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɵ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ
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ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɹɦɟ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹ
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ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ
ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ. ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɵɧɭɠɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɤɨɥɨɩɨɪɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ,
ɤɨɝɞɚ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɹɦɟ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɨɟ ɹɞɪɨ ɫ
ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɟɣ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ (
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ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɞɟɥɹɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɹɞɪɚ
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ɝɞɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ
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ɫɩɢɧɚ
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ɞɥɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɩɨ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɢ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ
ɤɜɚɡɢɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ ɹɞɪɚ.
Ɉɛɨɥɨɱɟɱɧɚɹ ɜɨɥɧɨɜɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɞɟɥɹɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɹɞɪɚ
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ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɭ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɞɟɥɹɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɹɞɪɚ ɩɪɢ
ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɜɚɧɬɨɜɵɯ ɱɢɫɟɥ JK
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ɢɡ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɹɞɪɚ
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ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɹɦɟ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɵ q ɩɪɢ
ɭɱɟɬɟ ɉȾɋ ɧɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɫɟɞɥɨɜɵɯ ɬɨɱɤɚɯ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ
ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ.
Ɉɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ
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QP ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɭɟɬ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɞɟɥɹɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɹɞɪɚ ɧɚ
ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ (ɤɥɚɫɬɟɪɧɭɸ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ), ɝɞɟ
ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɵɟ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɵ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɠɟ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ. ȼɨɥɧɨɜɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ
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