Письменный перевод в сфере экономики и бизнеса. Княжева Е.А. - 18 стр.

                                        18
      - Increase in the number of standards applied globally; e.g. copyright laws
and patents
      - The push by many advocates for an international criminal court and
international justice movements.
                          Positive and negative effects
The term "globalization" is used to refer to these collective changes as a process,
or else as the cause of turbulent change. The distinct uses include:
Economically, socially and ecologically positive: as an engine of commerce; one
which brings an increased standard of living — prosperity — to Third World
countries and further wealth to First World countries.
Economically, socially, and ecologically negative: as an engine of "corporate
imperialism;" one which tramples over human rights in developing societies,
claims to bring prosperity, yet often simply amounts to plundering and
profiteering. Negative effects include cultural assimilation via cultural
imperialism, the export of artificial wants, and the destruction or inhibition of
authentic local and global community, ecology and cultures.
It is often argued that even terrorism has undergone globalization, with attacks
in foreign countries that have no direct relation with the attackers' own country.
Since World War II, barriers to international trade have been considerably
lowered through international agreements such as the General Agreement on
Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Particular initiatives carried out as a result of GATT
and the WTO, for which GATT is the foundation, have included:
      Promotion of free trade
      Of goods:
      - Reduction or elimination of tariffs; construction of free trade zones with
small or no tariffs.
      - Reduced transportation costs, especially from development of
containerization for ocean shipping.
      Of capital:
      - Reduction or elimination of capital controls.