Менеджеры и менеджмент (Executives and Management) - 120 стр.

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294
franchisee n [C] someone who is sold a franchise
and operates it
fraud n [C,U] a method of illegally getting
money from a person or organization, often using
clever and complicated methods
freelance adj. adv. working independently for
several different companies or organizations rather
than being directly employed by one freelace also
freelancer
free port n [C] a port where import duty does not
have to be paid on imports that are to be sent to an-
other country to be sold, or used to manufacture goods
that will be sold abroad
fringe benefit n [C] an additional advantage or
service given with a job besides wages, for example a
car
gambling n [U] the practice of risking money or
possessions on the result of something uncertain, for
example a card game or a sporting event such as a
horse race
gauge v [T] to measure how people feel about
something
global adj
1) affecting or involving the whole world
2) including and considering all the parts of a
situation together, rather than the individual parts
separately
globally adv
global economy n [singular] the economy of the
world seen as a whole
globalization also – isation BrE n [U] the ten-
dency for the world economy to work as one unit, led
by large international companies doing business all
over the world
globalize also -ise BrE v [I,T] if a company, an
industry, or an economy globalizes or is globalized, it
no longer depends on conditions in one country, but
on conditions in the world as whole
glut n [C usually singular] a supply of something
that is more than you need
goodwill payment n [C] a payment made by a
supplier to a customer because of a problem the cus-
tomer has had, for example with quality or late deliv-
ery of goods
gross domestic product (GDP) n [singular] the
total value of goods and services produced in a coun-
try's economy, not including income from abroad
gross domestic product per capita n [singular]
the total value of goods and services produced in a
country divided by the number of people living there
grow v past tense grew past participle grown
1) [I] to increase in amount, size, or degree
2) [T] if you grow a business activity, you make it
bigger
growth n [U] an increase in size, amount, or de-
gree
haulage n [U] BrE the business of carrying goods
by road or rail
headquarters n [plural] the head office or main
building of an organization – headquartered adj
hoarding n [C] a large sign used for advertising.
Hoardings are called billboards in American English
hostile adj a hostile bid or takeover is one in
which a company tries to buy another company whose
shareholders do not want to sell
impose v [T] to officially order that something
should be forbidden or taxed
incentive n [C] something which is used to en-
courage people, especially to make them work harder,
produce more or spend more money
income statement n [C] AmE a financial docu-
ment showing the amount of money earned and spent
in a particular period of time by a company. This is
usually called the profit and loss account in British
English
incompetence n [U] not having the ability to do a
job properly
incremental adj
1) an incremental process is one where things
happens in small steps
2) an incremental amount, sum etc is small when
considered by itself
indictment n [U] the act of charging somebody
with a criminal offence
industrial espionage n [U] the activity of se-
cretly finding out a company's plans, details of its
products etc
infrastructure n [C,U]
1) the basic systems and structures that a country
needs to make economic activity possible, for exam-
ple transport, communications, and power supplies
2) the basic systems and equipment needed for
an industry or business to operate successfully or for
an activity to happen
inhibit v [T] to prevent something from growing
or developing in the way it could, or to prevent it from
being as good as it should be
innovate v [I] to design and develop new and bet-
ter products
innovator n [C]
innovation n
1) [C] a new idea, method, or invention
2) [U] the introduction of new ideas or methods

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