Конспект лекций по статистической физике. Коренблит С.Э - 96 стр.

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   ‡ ¤ ç¨
15.1. Ž¡êïá­¨âì १ã«ìâ âë (9.39), ¨á¯®«ì§ãï E (T )  CV T , N (V ) = nV .
15.2. ®ª § âì, çâ® ä«ãªâã 樨 ¯«®â­®á⨠¨§ (9.11), (9.12) ¨ ⥬¯¥à -
âãàë ¨§ (9.39) á¢ï§ ­ë ᮮ⭮襭¨ï¬¨ ([24] N 153-162).
                                                   0         1
 <<(
n)2>> = kT KT ; <<(
T )2>> = <<(
n)2>> @ CP CV A ;
    n2          V!      T2           n2       CV 2P T 2
          1 @V
      P=
          V @T ; { ª®íää¨æ¨¥­â ®¡ê¥¬­®£® à áè¨à¥­¨ï:
                    P
15.3. ˆá¯®«ì§ãï (9.30), ­ ©â¨ ä«ãªâã æ¨î ¤¨í«¥ªâà¨ç¥áª®© ¯à®­¨æ ¥¬®-
áâ¨, ª ª ä㭪樨 ⥬¯¥à âãàë T ¨ ¯«®â­®á⨠n:  = (n; T ) ([51], x2.1).
15.4. ®«ãç¨âì ®¡®¡é¥­¨¥ ¡ §®¢®© ä®à¬ã«ë (9.34) ¤«ï ä«ãªâã 権 N; :
                           "                            #
               g
              W = A exp      
 T 
 S  
 P 
 V + 
 N 
    :         (9.40)
                                       2kT
15.5. „«ï § ¬ª­ã⮩ á¨á⥬ë N ᯨ­®¢ 1/2 ¨§ à¨¬¥à 1, (3.26){(3.28),
­ ©â¨ ¢¥à®ïâ­®áâì ®â¤¥«ì­®£® ­¥¢ë஦¤¥­­®£® ¬ˆªà®á®áâ®ï­¨ï wm .  ©-
⨠áâ â¨áâ¨ç¥áª¨© ¢¥á N (m) ­¥à ¢­®¢¥á­®£®, ¢ ®âáãâá⢨¥ ¢­¥è­¥£®
¯®«ï, ¬€ªà®á®áâ®ï­¨ï á N+ ᯨ­ ¬¨ ¢¤®«ì ¨ N ᯨ­ ¬¨ ¯à®â¨¢ ®á¨ z ,
á ¯®«­ë¬ ¬ £­¨â­ë¬ ¬®¬¥­â®¬ M = mB . ®ª § âì çâ® ¢¥à®ïâ­®áâì
â ª®£® ­¥à ¢­®¢¥á­®£® ¬€ªà®á®áâ®ï­¨ï (ä«ãªâã ã樨) ¯à¨ m  N áâà¥-
¬¨âáï ª £ ãáᮢã à á¯à¥¤¥«¥­¨î (9.25) (áà. á ‡ ¤. 20.5.) ([21] x6):
                          !N N !        u  v           0     1
              N (m)                                 m
                        1               u  1          2
   WN (m) =
   g                =                   t
                                     7 ! 2N exp 2N A ; (9.41)
                                                  @
                N       2   N + !N !
      N
      X g            N
                     X g                  1  1 !N
  1=      WN (m)  WN (2N+ N ) = 2 + 2 ; (
m = 2): (9.42)
     m= N           N+ =0
15.6. ˆá¯®«ì§ãï ¬¥â®¤ ¯¥à¥¢ « ¯à¨ ®¡à 饭¨¨ áâ â¨áâ¨ç¥áª®£® ¨­â¥-
£à « , ¯®ª § âì, çâ® ¯«®â­®áâì à ¢­®¢¥á­®£® à á¯à¥¤¥«¥­¨ï W g eq (x) ¤«ï
â¥à¬®¤¨­ ¬¨ç¥áª®© ¢¥«¨ç¨­ë x ¤¥©á⢨⥫쭮 ᮣ« ᮢ ­ á £ ãáᮢë¬
à á¯à¥¤¥«¥­¨¥¬ Wg(x) ¥¥ ä«ãªâã 権 à ¢¥­á⢮¬ (9.26) ([7] xI.4):
                                   
                           g(x) = 2<<(x x)2>>
                g eq (x) ' W                        1=2
                W                                        :          (9.43)