Искусство. Котлярова С.В - 6 стр.

super colourist. In 1805 he painted "The Shipwreck". He showed a terrible           remained an artist and passages especially in "Shortly after the Marriage"
disaster at sea. Green was a colour that Turner particularly disliked.              (picture 2) show how attractively he could paint. As a painter Hogarth was
        In "Snow Storm" he reflected with the help of snow the idea of sur-         harmonious in his colouring, very capable and direct in his theme and com-
vival and even in our days it looks very prophetic. It is considered one of         position. He painted many pictures. He is well known as a humorist and
his most original paintings. He studies colour very seriously and is said to                                               satirist on canvas.
anticipate the art of Impressionists and abstract painters of the 20th century.                                                    In the second half of the 18th
        In his "Rain, Steam and Speed" (1844) he worked much on the colour                                                 century narrative and satirical
interrelation.                                                                                                             themes lost their leading role in the
        Thomas Gainsborough (1727–1788). A very lyrical painter who                                                        English art. The ruling classes tried
successfully connected man and nature. A very strong psychologist, he                                                      to show in art a confirmation and
painted mostly women on the background of a scenery.                                                                       glorification of their social position.
        He liked blue colours best of all. His portraits are optimistic and the                                            The most popular form of painting
light and shade of colour are in full harmony with the lines.                                                              became ceremonial portraits of rep-
                                   B) Van Dyck created the type of portrait,                                               resentatives of the ruling class. Sir
                                   which helped him to convey the sitter's
                                   individual psycho-logy. It can be well ob-             Picture 2. William Hogarth.          Joshua Reynolds was the most out-
                                   served in his "Family Portrait" (picture 1).            Shortly after the Marriage          standing portraitist of the period. In
                                          The sitter's individuality is vividly                                                December 1768 the Royal Acade-
                                   expressed in this portrait. One can easily       my was founded and Reynolds be-came its first president. He created a
                                   follow the gentle and even character of the      whole gallery of portraits of the most famous of his contemporaries. He
                                   young woman and the outstanding search-          usually painted his characters in heroic style and showed them as the best
                                   ing, restless personality of her husband. The    people of the nation. As a result his paintings are not free of a certain ide-
                                   artist managed to create the impression of       alization of the characters. Reynolds was greatly influenced as a painter by
                                   spiritual relationship in spite of the differ-   the old masters. This influence can be seen in his "Cupid Untying the Zone
                                   ence of characters. The colour scheme of         of Venus". The picture is close to Titian's style in the use of colour but it is
                                   this canvas is very beautiful. The prevailing    typical of the 18th century English school of its approach to subject-matter.
                                   tones are red, golden and brown.                 He often included real personages in his mythological works (Venus – Lady
                                          During the 18th century the truly         Hamilton).
       Picture 1. Van Dyck.
       The Family Portrait         national   school of painting was created,               Thomas Gainsborough, one of the greatest masters of the English
                                   William Hogarth was the first great Eng-         school, was a portraitist and a landscape painter. His portraits are painted in
lish painter who raised British pictorial art to a high level of importance.        clear tones. Blue and green are predominant colours. One of the most famous
Hogarth (1697-1764) wasn't a success as a portrait painter. But his pictures        works is "The Morning Walk" (picture 3). Gainsborough is famous for his
of social life, which he called "modern moral subjects", brought him fame           brilliant sense of composition, harmony and form. In the foreground of the
and position. Among his favourite works are six pictures united under the           picture you see a pretty slim young woman of about 25 and an elegant young
title "Marriage a la Mode". This famous series is really a novel in paint tell-     man. The woman has a very fashionable long dress on, her face is attractive.
ing the story of the marriage of an earl's son and city merchant's daughter, a      She has dreamy blue eyes, and thick curly golden hair. As for the man, he is
marriage made for reasons of vanity and money. Despite the satirical, often         tall and handsome, the features of his face are pleasant and expressive. His
amusing details, the painter's purpose is serious. He expects his pictures to       eyes are dark, his look is proud, his mouth is rather large, his nose is straight,
be read and they are perhaps full of allusions. At the same time Hogarth            and he has a classical strong figure. I am sure that the young people are happy
                                                                                    because they are young, they are in love, because the day is fine, and life is
                                       11                                                                                  12