Стилистика русского языка и культура речи. Кретов А.А - 33 стр.

ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɜ ɭɫɬɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ, ɧɟɩɨɥɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ.
     Ɋɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɨɞɧɨɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɦɟɸɬ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɬɹɝɨɬɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɬɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,
ɛɟɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɳɢɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɵ (Ɍɟɦɧɟɟɬ,
ȼɟɱɟɪɟɟɬ ɢ ɬ. ɞ.), ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ (Ɇɟɧɹ ɬɨɲɧɢɬ, ɑɬɨ-ɬɨ ɝɧɟɬɟɬ, ȿɦɭ
ɧɟ ɫɩɢɬɫɹ ɢ ɬ. ɩ.), ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɱɬɢ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ,
ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ. ɂɡ ɞɜɭɯ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɨɜ ɬɢɩɚ: ɍ ɦɟɧɹ ɧɟɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ –
ə ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ – ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɦ, ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɧɨɫɢɬ
ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɢ ɤɧɢɠɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ.
     Ɉɛɨɛɳɟɧɧɨ-ɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ
ɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ, ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵ ɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ: ɑɬɨ ɩɨɫɟɟɲɶ,
ɬɨ ɢ ɩɨɠɧɟɲɶ; ɋ ɤɟɦ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɲɶɫɹ, ɨɬ ɬɨɝɨ ɢ ɧɚɛɟɪɟɲɶɫɹ ɢ ɬ. ɩ.
     Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɹɪɤɨ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɨɞɧɨɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ
ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢɧɮɢɧɢɬɢɜɧɵɟ. ɇɟɞɚɪɨɦ ɨɧɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɮɨɧɞ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɝɨ
ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɚ, ɬɨɝɞɚ ɤɚɤ ɫɢɧɨɧɢɦɢɱɧɵɟ ɢɦ ɛɟɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫ
ɦɨɞɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɫɥɨɜɚɦɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ, ɦɨɠɧɨ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢ ɬ. ɩ. ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵ ɞɥɹ
ɤɧɢɠɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ (ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɢ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɞɟɥɨɜɨɣ). ɋɪ. ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɨɤɪɚɫɤɨɣ
ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɮɢɧɢɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɟɢɡɛɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ (Ȼɵɬɶ ɛɟɞɟ!), ɟɝɨ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ (ɇɟ ɛɵɬɶ ɬɟɛɟ ɜ Ɇɨɫɤɜɟ!);
ɜɨɩɪɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɧɮɢɧɢɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, ɫɬɚɜɹɳɢɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɫ ɨɬɬɟɧɤɨɦ
ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɟɧɢɹ (Ʉ ɤɨɦɭ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ? ɍ ɤɨɝɨ
ɟɦɭ ɭɱɢɬɶɫɹ? ɑɬɨ ɤɭɩɢɬɶ ȼɚɦ?); ɜɨɫɤɥɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɧɮɢɧɢɬɢɜɧɵɟ
ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɨɬɬɟɧɤɨɦ ɩɪɨɬɟɫɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɱɟɝɨ-ɥɢɛɨ,
ɪɢɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ (Ⱦɚ ɦɧɟ ɥɶ ɟɝɨ ɛɨɹɬɶɫɹ? Ɂɚɱɟɦ ɦɟɧɹ ɩɪɨɫɢɬɶ?).
ɉɨɛɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɧɮɢɧɢɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, ɧɚɩɪɨɬɢɜ, ɧɟɫɭɬ ɧɚ ɫɟɛɟ
ɩɟɱɚɬɶ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ, ɯɨɬɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɜ
ɭɫɬɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɪɟɱɢ; ɨɧɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ: ɉɨɞɧɹɬɶ
ɮɥɚɝ! ɋɜɢɫɬɚɬɶ ɜɫɟɯ ɧɚɜɟɪɯ! ɍɛɪɚɬɶ ɩɚɪɭɫɚ! ɗɬɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɢ ɩɪɢɡɵɜɧɨɣ ɩɭɛɥɢɰɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ: ɋɨɛɪɚɬɶ ɭɪɨɠɚɣ ɛɟɡ
ɩɨɬɟɪɶ! ȼɫɬɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɜɚɯɬɭ ɩɹɬɢɥɟɬɤɢ!
     ɋɮɟɪɚ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ – ɷɬɨ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ
ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɪɟɱɶ ɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɠɚɧɪɵ ɩɭɛɥɢɰɢɫɬɢɤɢ. ɇɨɦɢɧɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ
ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɨɫɨɛɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ – ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɣ,
ɜɢɞɢɦɨɣ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɵ (ɩɟɣɡɚɠɢ, ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ). ɑɚɳɟ ɨɧɢ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɝɥɚɜɵ: Ȼɚɪɪɢɤɚɞɚ. Ȼɭɥɵɠɧɢɤ.
ɀɚɪɚ. ɉɨɪɨɯ. ɉɵɥɶ. ɉɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɭ ɬɚɤɨɦɭ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɜɫɹ ɭɡɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɝɪɚ
(ɉ. Ⱥɧɬɨɤɨɥɶɫɤɢɣ). Ɍɢɲɢɧɚ. ɉɟɪɶɹ ɫɤɪɢɩɹɬ, ɫɜɟɪɱɨɤ ɤɪɢɱɢɬ (ɑɟɯɨɜ).
     ȼ ɤɚɤɨɣ-ɬɨ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫ ɟɝɨ
ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦ. Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɢɧɧɟɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɯ, ɯɨɬɹ ɬɭɬ ɧɟɬ
ɩɪɹɦɨɣ ɢ ɧɟɩɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ. ɂ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ
ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦɢ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɭ, ɞɚɠɟ ɩɪɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɢ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɟ, ɱɬɨ
ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɞɟɥɨɜɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ.
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