Основы теории английского языка. Листунова Е.И. - 113 стр.

      Didn’t mother say anything about when she’d be in? (Walpole)
(compare: Didn’t she say anything about it?). He told no one of where
he had been (Galsworthy) (compare: He told no one of it).
      In some cases subordinate, clauses are associated with particles
which are used with the parts of a simple sentence:
      Just as she was opening the door to run there and observe him
from the corner of the barn Waldo walked into view (Caldwell)
(compare: Just at that moment she saw him).
      We always slept with the windows open, even when it was cold
(Ñompare: even in cold weather).
      ...…She wanted Tom to forgive her because he loved her, not because
his father told him (Eliot) (Compare: not because of his father’s order).
      But although the functions of subordinate clauses are similar to
those of the parts of the sentence, subordinate clauses cannot be
identified with the parts of the sentence. By means of subordinate
clauses we may express our’ thoughts in a more complete, a more
detailed manner.
      Compare the following:
      He told me of their arrival.
      1. He told me that they had arrived.
      2. He told me that they would arrive.
      He was exhausted for want of sleep. He was exhausted because he
had not slept the whole night.
      In this complex sentence the first subordinate clause is subordi-
nated directly to the princi pal clause (1st grade of subordination)
while the second clause is subordinated to the first subordinate clause
(2nd grade of subordination).
      I am glad to know that my mother cried too, and that I felt her
heart beat against mine (Dickens).
      In this complex sentence there are two homogeneous subordinate
clauses (two object clauses) connected by the copulative conjunction
and. Homogeneous subordinate clauses may be connected with each
other by the same co-ordinative conjunctions that connect the ho-
mogeneous parts of a sentence (and, or, but, etc.).
      Her bright calm face lighted up with pleasure as she went to
meet him, and as they came in, hand in hand (Dickens).




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