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Besides, the analysis of the population of the world overlooks one main fact – although the growth rate is
not as high as before the population of the world in this turn of the century will increase by approximately 80
million a year. (The amount is equal to the number of people in Germany.) It means that this amount of popula-
tion among the impoverished and the deterioration of rural environment will heighten the environment crisis,
which will have an effect on the production system and the ways of living of the people in developing coun-
tries. The very high increase of the population has affected the development in city and the living in urban ar-
eas. At present, there are 2,6 billion people living in cities. 1,7 billion of that amount live in the cities of devel-
oping countries. There is the prediction that the ratio will accelerate until the year 2015. Three quarters of the
world population is in developing countries, which are very crowded, and the health problems are serious.
When we adopt the well-known "environmental formula" of Anne and Paul Ehrlich as the base on consid-
ering problems, we get the conclusion that the environment crisis has the tendency to become very critical. This
formula says:
"Environment crisis (I) is settled by the amount of the population (P), the economic growth (A) and Produc-
tion Technology (T), that is I = P × A × T".
Economic growth is also another main variable. The more development, there is the more the increase in
production. It heightens the ecology system. Moreover, the production of one unit may cause a large quantity of
pollution because of the use of unclean (unhealthy) technology, which endangers the environment. It is worry-
ing that the trading, the production and the consuming will enhance the squandering of resources and the envi-
ronment will be seriously destroyed.
6. ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION
Among the rich countries, it is assumed that it is not so hard to solve environmental problems of the 21st
century. These countries will compete with each other in improving the quality of their products. There is al-
ways the search for innovation, environmental innovation, in particular, is an important instrument in encourag-
ing the progress of the industrial world. At present, the rich countries have already had the high potentiality of
developing new technology for the production process with the regard for environmental quality.
The innovative analyst regards that the ability of industry in responding to the environmental problems is
the main indicator if that kind of industry can compete at the world level. Those who want to succeed must in-
tegrate the main idea with the production system. It means the protection of the environment, solving the prob-
lem of pollution, increasing the efficiency in using natural resources and power. The strict standard of the envi-
ronment will enhance the thinking of production method, which will benefit the environment.
At present, the governments of the industrial world, like Sweden, agree with "Environment Innovation
Ways". There is a conclusion in the latest report of the national environment that "The policy on environment of
the Swedish government is very important in enhancing the modernity in industrial business sectors. The im-
provement of the environment has turned out to be the main factor in accelerating the competition in this indus-
try."
This is the entire new western concept, which emphasizes "How to bring about Ecological Modernization."
It is the new concept on new environmental technology and every step is used for the industrial production
process. However, there needs to be adaptation of the whole production structure, which needs systematic "en-
vironmental planning", and the adapting of world vision and the conscience of the environment of the people in
every field. The concept of "Ecological Innovation" does not emphasize only the technology but also regards
the importance of "Environmental management" which needs to be done in both the governmental and private
sectors. This can be seen in countries like Sweden, Denmark, Holland and Germany, which are regarded as the
leaders in "Environmental Innovation".
7. ENVIRONMENTALISM AND TECHNOLOGY
Wait a minute, you might say, it is environmentalism against technology, for isn't technology a fundamen-
tal source of environmental problems?
This has been the position of deep greens. In fact, some trace all environmental problems to the beginning
of agriculture, arguing that it was the shift from hunter-gatherer to farming that created what they consider the
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