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is used when a thorough, detailed explanation of facts, circumstances,
reasons etc. Is reported:
The judge stated the facts very clearly.
The expression He stated that is not proper. We should say:
Не stated the facts of...
Не stated the reasons for...
Не stated the terms of...
He stated the circumstances of...
♦ To admit (допускать, соглашаться), to acknowledge (при-
знавать), to deny (отрицать) are used when we speak about some-
thing that is or is not true.
Не admitted
Не acknowledged
Не denied
his fault.
being guilty.
having done it.
that he had done it.
Direct Speech Reported Speech
Mrs. Jones: You're quite right,
Mr. Brown. The noise of modern
cities does ruin the nervous sys-
tem.
Mrs. Jones admitted (or acknowl-
edged) the truth of Mr. Brown's
words about the effect of noise in
modern cities on the nervous sys-
tem.
♦ To assert (утверждать, заявлять), to claim (утверждать),
to maintain (утверждать) are used when the speaker says something
which is evidently true.
He
asserted
claimed
maintained
that...
♦ To agree (соглашаться), to disagree (не соглашаться), to
protest (протестовать):
He
agreed
disagreed
with them
on that point.
about it.
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Disagreement is also expressed by the following expressions:
Не protested against it.
He protested saying that...
Direct Speech Reported Speech
Mrs. Smith: I have no faith in
medicine.
Mrs. Bolt: You're wrong here.
Think of the wonders surgeons
do.
Mrs. Smith and Mrs. Bolt dis-
agreed about medicine.
Mrs. Bolt protested saying that
surgeons worked wonders.
♦ To approve (одобрять), to disapprove (не одобрять), when
used in reported speech, are combined with a noun or ing-form:
She
approved
disapproved
of
his conduct.
his behaving like that.
Direct Speech Reported Speech
Mother: It's foolish of you to wear
such a thin jacket in this cold
weather, Mary.
Mary's mother disapproved of
Mary wearing a thin jacket in cold
weather.
♦ To assure (убедить, убеждать, уверять), to persuade
(убедить, убеждать), to convince (убедить):
Не persuaded
Не convinced
Не assured
me that it was true,
me of the necessity to take meas-
ures.
Direct Speech Reported Speech
Fred: I'm afraid you are mis-
taken, Bob. The 8.30 train has
not been cancelled. I came by
this train yesterday.
1. Fred assured (or persuaded) Bob
that he was mistaken about the
8.30 train having been cancelled.
He said he had come by that train
the day before.
is used when a thorough, detailed explanation of facts, circumstances, Disagreement is also expressed by the following expressions:
reasons etc. Is reported: Не protested against it.
The judge stated the facts very clearly. He protested saying that...
The expression He stated that is not proper. We should say:
Не stated the facts of... Direct Speech Reported Speech
Не stated the reasons for... Mrs. Smith: I have no faith in Mrs. Smith and Mrs. Bolt dis-
Не stated the terms of... medicine. agreed about medicine.
He stated the circumstances of... Mrs. Bolt: You're wrong here. Mrs. Bolt protested saying that
♦ To admit (допускать, соглашаться), to acknowledge (при- Think of the wonders surgeons surgeons worked wonders.
знавать), to deny (отрицать) are used when we speak about some- do.
thing that is or is not true.
Не admitted his fault. ♦ To approve (одобрять), to disapprove (не одобрять), when
Не acknowledged being guilty. used in reported speech, are combined with a noun or ing-form:
Не denied having done it.
that he had done it. approved his conduct.
She of
disapproved his behaving like that.
Direct Speech Reported Speech
Mrs. Jones: You're quite right, Mrs. Jones admitted (or acknowl-
Direct Speech Reported Speech
Mr. Brown. The noise of modern edged) the truth of Mr. Brown's
Mother: It's foolish of you to wear Mary's mother disapproved of
cities does ruin the nervous sys- words about the effect of noise in
such a thin jacket in this cold Mary wearing a thin jacket in cold
tem. modern cities on the nervous sys-
weather, Mary. weather.
tem.
♦ To assert (утверждать, заявлять), to claim (утверждать), ♦ To assure (убедить, убеждать, уверять), to persuade
to maintain (утверждать) are used when the speaker says something (убедить, убеждать), to convince (убедить):
which is evidently true.
Не persuaded me that it was true,
asserted Не convinced me of the necessity to take meas-
He claimed that... Не assured ures.
maintained
Direct Speech Reported Speech
♦ To agree (соглашаться), to disagree (не соглашаться), to Fred: I'm afraid you are mis- 1. Fred assured (or persuaded) Bob
protest (протестовать): taken, Bob. The 8.30 train has that he was mistaken about the
not been cancelled. I came by 8.30 train having been cancelled.
agreed on that point. this train yesterday. He said he had come by that train
He with them the day before.
disagreed about it.
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