Инфинитивные конструкции: Лексико-грамматический практикум по английскому языку. Марченко О.В. - 5 стр.

UptoLike

Составители: 

5
Ã Ë À  À 1
Ñ ë î æ í î å ä î ï î ë í å í è å
(C o m p l e x O b j e c t)
Ñâîå ìíåíèå, ñóæäåíèå èëè ïðåäïîëîæåíèå î êàêîì-ëèáî
ëèöå, ôàêòå èëè ïðåäìåòå â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå ìîæíî âûðàçèòü
äâóìÿ ñïîñîáàìè:
1. ñëîæíîïîä÷èíåííûì ïðåäëîæåíèåì ñ ïðèäàòî÷íûì
äîïîëíåíèÿ, êîòîðûé ââîäèòñÿ, êàê ïðàâèëî, ñîþçîì that:
I believe that my friend knows English well. — ß ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî
ìîé äðóã çíàåò àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê õîðîøî.
2. ïðîñòûì ïðåäëîæåíèåì ñ Complex Object:
Complex Object (ñëîæíîå äîïîëíåíèå) ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ñîáîé
àíãëèéñêîå äîïîëíåíèå, âûðàæåííîå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûì èëè
ëè÷íûì ìåñòîèìåíèåì, âìåñòå ñ èíôèíèòèâîì. Ñóùåñòâèòåëü-
íîå óïîòðåáëÿåòñÿ â èìåíèòåëüíîì ïàäåæå, ìåñòîèìåíèå îáÿ-
çàòåëüíî äîëæíî ñòîÿòü â îáúåêòíîì ïàäåæå. Èíôèíèòèâ óïîò-
ðåáëÿåòñÿ âî âñåõ ñâîèõ âèäîâðåìåííûõ ôîðìàõ.
M o d e l: N + V + Object + Infinitive.
N — ïîäëåæàùåå;
V — ñêàçóåìîå;
Î — äîïîëíåíèå.
Íà ðóññêèé ÿçûê Complex Object ïåðåâîäèòñÿ, êàê ïðàâèëî,
ïðèäàòî÷íûì ïðåäëîæåíèåì ñ ñîþçàìè ÷òî, ÷òîáû. Ïðè÷åì
àíãëèéñêîå ìåñòîèìåíèå â îáúåêòíîì ïàäåæå ïåðåâîäèòñÿ íà
ðóññêèé ÿçûê ëè÷íûì ìåñòîèìåíèåì â èìåíèòåëüíîì ïàäåæå.
I believe my friend to know English well. — ß ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî ìîé
äðóã çíàåò àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê õîðîøî.
Êîíñòðóêöèÿ “ñëîæíîå äîïîëíåíèå” óïîòðåáëÿåòñÿ ïîñëå
ñëåäóþùèõ àíãëèéñêèõ ãëàãîëîâ:
1. ãëàãîëîâ æåëàíèÿ:
- to want = õîòåòü
- to wish = æåëàòü
- should like = õîòåëîñü áû
- would like = õîòåëîñü áû
2. ãëàãîëîâ ïðåäïîëîæåíèÿ:
- to suppose = ïðåäïîëàãàòü
- to expect = îæèäàòü
                       Ã Ë À Â À        1
             Ñëîæíîå äîïîëíåíèå
               (C o m p l e x O b j e c t)
     Ñâîå ìíåíèå, ñóæäåíèå èëè ïðåäïîëîæåíèå î êàêîì-ëèáî
ëèöå, ôàêòå èëè ïðåäìåòå â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå ìîæíî âûðàçèòü
äâóìÿ ñïîñîáàìè:
     1. ñëîæíîïîä÷èíåííûì ïðåäëîæåíèåì ñ ïðèäàòî÷íûì
äîïîëíåíèÿ, êîòîðûé ââîäèòñÿ, êàê ïðàâèëî, ñîþçîì that:
     I believe that my friend knows English well. — ß ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî
ìîé äðóã çíàåò àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê õîðîøî.
     2. ïðîñòûì ïðåäëîæåíèåì ñ Complex Object:
     Complex Object (ñëîæíîå äîïîëíåíèå) ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ñîáîé
àíãëèéñêîå äîïîëíåíèå, âûðàæåííîå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûì èëè
ëè÷íûì ìåñòîèìåíèåì, âìåñòå ñ èíôèíèòèâîì. Ñóùåñòâèòåëü-
íîå óïîòðåáëÿåòñÿ â èìåíèòåëüíîì ïàäåæå, ìåñòîèìåíèå îáÿ-
çàòåëüíî äîëæíî ñòîÿòü â îáúåêòíîì ïàäåæå. Èíôèíèòèâ óïîò-
ðåáëÿåòñÿ âî âñåõ ñâîèõ âèäîâðåìåííûõ ôîðìàõ.
     M o d e l: N + V + Object + Infinitive.
     N — ïîäëåæàùåå;
     V — ñêàçóåìîå;
     Î — äîïîëíåíèå.
     Íà ðóññêèé ÿçûê Complex Object ïåðåâîäèòñÿ, êàê ïðàâèëî,
ïðèäàòî÷íûì ïðåäëîæåíèåì ñ ñîþçàìè ÷òî, ÷òîáû. Ïðè÷åì
àíãëèéñêîå ìåñòîèìåíèå â îáúåêòíîì ïàäåæå ïåðåâîäèòñÿ íà
ðóññêèé ÿçûê ëè÷íûì ìåñòîèìåíèåì â èìåíèòåëüíîì ïàäåæå.
     I believe my friend to know English well. — ß ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî ìîé
äðóã çíàåò àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê õîðîøî.
     Êîíñòðóêöèÿ “ñëîæíîå äîïîëíåíèå” óïîòðåáëÿåòñÿ ïîñëå
ñëåäóþùèõ àíãëèéñêèõ ãëàãîëîâ:
     1. ãëàãîëîâ æåëàíèÿ:
     - to want = õîòåòü
     - to wish = æåëàòü
     - should like = õîòåëîñü áû
     - would like = õîòåëîñü áû
     2. ãëàãîëîâ ïðåäïîëîæåíèÿ:
     - to suppose = ïðåäïîëàãàòü
     - to expect = îæèäàòü


                                  5