English for Masters in Economics. Маркушевская Л.П - 49 стр.

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Университет ИТМО | Санкт-Петербург

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164
Task 4. Chose the appropriate form of the verb.
1. I was sure that I saw / had seen their sales representative before.
2. He denied that he took / had takenmoneyfromtheofce.
3. The gentleman told me that he lost / had lost his ticket and didn’t
know how to get home.
4. The professor guessed that some of the students had cheated /
cheated in the exam.
5. At the conference the presenter claimed that found / had found a
brand-newstrategy.
6. She took my report before I nished/hadnished it.
7. During the previous week I had been / went to the lectures every
evening.
Система времён в страдательном залоге
Страдательный залог (Passive Voice) показывает, что действие глагола-
сказуемого направлено на лицо или предмет, выраженный подлежащим.
Неaskedalotofquestions.(ActiveVoice)
Он задал много вопросов.
Неwasaskedalotofquestions.(PassiveVoice)
Ему задали много вопросов.
Страдательный залог образуется при помощи вспомогательного
глагола to be в соответствующем времени, лице и числе и причастия
прошедшего времени смыслового глагола: to be+ Participle II (Ved/V3)
PASSIVE VOICE
Present Past Future
Simple
Tense
am + Ved/V3
is + Ved/V3
are + Ved/V3
was + Ved/V3
were + Ved/V3
shall + be Ved/V3
will + be Ved/V3
Continu-
ous Tense
am + being Ved/V3
is + being Ved/V3
are + being Ved/V3
was + being Ved/V3
were + being Ved/V3
Perfect
Tense
have + been Ved/V3
has + been Ved/V3
had + been Ved/V3 shall + have been
Ved/V3
will + have been
Ved/V3
49
newspaper’s print design etc. Majority of new products presented to the mar-
ket are continuous innovation.
– Dynamically continuous innovation is supposed to be more but not
fundamental changes in consumers’ buying patterns. Examples are: mobile
telephones, CD players etc. Major theoretical and empirical researches are
related with dynamically continuous innovations whose distribution on the
market requires special conditions.
– Breaking innovation supposes signicant changes in consumers’ buy
-
ing patterns. Examples are: a car, a computer, radial keratotomy etc.
* underpin – поддерживать, подкреплять
a competitive advantage – конкурентное преимущество
Task 1. Give the explanation to the following word combinations according
to the information in the text you have just read.
1) groups of innovation
2) continuous innovation
3) dynamically continuous innovation
4) breaking innovation
Task 2. In the 1999 Hewlett Packard Annual Report, executives spelled out the
philosophy for fostering an environment for creativity and innovation.
The rules of the garage* were:
1. Believe you can change the world.
2. Share – tools, ideas. Trust your colleagues.
3. Radical ideas are not bad ideas.
4. Thecustomerdenesajobwelldone.etc.
Think about your company’s philosophy in the century of innovation.
*garage – an establishment that provides services and repairs
Task 3. Study the following information.
Emerging technologies – are new technologies that are currently developing
orwillbedevelopedoverthenextvetotenyears,andwhichwillsubstantially
alter the business and social environment. These include information
technology, wireless data communication, man-machine communication,
on-demandprinting,bio-technologies,andadvancedrobotics.
a
technologies) of the world. Explain your choice.

Explain your choice.

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