English for Masters. Маркушевская Л.П - 128 стр.

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Университет ИТМО | Санкт-Петербург

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128
6. Sir Isaac Newton, the great scientist and thinker was discovering/discovered some
of the fundamental laws of mechanics.
7. The union of electromagnetic theory with optics was beginning/began when
Maxwell was finding/found that his equations for the electromagnetic field (1873)
described waves travelling at the velocity of light.
8. From 1609 till 1610 Galileo Galilei was learning/learned of the invention of the
telescope by Hans Lippershey.
9. Bernhard Schmidt was inventing/invented a third type of telescope.
Passive Voice
Exercise 1. Give English equivalents of the following Russian phrases, using
impersonal passive structures and adverbs widely, generally where required.
1. Говорят, что... 2. Предполагается, что... 3. Можно надеяться, что... 4. Следует
признать, что... 5. Было найдено, что... 6. Общепризнано, что... 7. Считают,
что... 8. Широко распространено мнение, что...
Exercise 2. Identify passive structures followed by a preposition and give
Russian equivalents of the relevant part of the sentence as shown in the
following example.
Example: Such things are not even thought of before the discovery is actually made.
"Things are not thought of...” О (таких) вещах
не думают...
1. This method has been referred to in an earlier paper. 2. I do not think this
instrument can be relied upon. 3. The data cannot be accounted for by the existing
theory. 4. This theory has been referred to as the "big bang" theory. 5. The best
treatment of this syndrome is generally agreed upon. 6. Rapid development of
chemical technology has been called for by the needs of the national economy. 7.
The prolongation of life may be thought of as a feat of endurance rather than a race
against time. 8. The necessity of fundamental research is insisted upon. 9. The ideas
advanced at the brain-storming session were much laughed at. 10. The lab-assistant
is out but the reaction process is being looked after. 11. The theory of Vernadsky
"noosphere" may be depended upon. 12. Enthusiasm of practitioners cannot be
substituted for material investments that are of vital necessity.
Exercise 3. A. Identify the passive structures and the logical predicate, compare
the sentences and give Russian equivalents of the relevant part of the sentence.
1. a) This atmospheric interference has often been made reference to;
b) Reference has been made to this atmospheric interference. 2. a) Notice has been
taken of the obvious advantages of this technique; b) The obvious advantages of this
technique have been taken notice of. 3. a) Recently the problem has been given close
consideration; b) Recently close consideration has been given to this problem. 4. a)
Mention has already been made of the fact that gold is slowly attacked by these
substances; b) The fact that gold is slowly attacked by these substances has already
been made mention of. 5. a) In the course of further scientific development extensive
use will be made of modern computing machines; b) In the course of further

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