Механизация производственных процессов. - 18 стр.

metal. The energy produced by the splitting of the nucleus of an atom is called
“nuclear” or atomic energy.
      The electrically charged particles which are thrown off by radio-active
substance can be accelerated to a very high speed. If one of these accelerated
particles hits the nucleus of another atom, it will cause it to disintegrate.
Atomic energy will thus be released. It is possible, though very expensive, to
transfer atoms of one element to atoms of another by this means. But more
energy is used in accelerating the particle than is released by the disintegrating
of a nucleus. So this is not a method of obtaining atomic power for practical
purposes.
      Some atoms contain uncharged particles called neutrons. If the nucleus of
an atom of Uranium 235, a rare from of uranium, is struck by a moving
neutron, the nucleus will split, releasing both energy and another neutron. If the
two neutrons collide with the more nuclei the same thing will happen. More
energy and more neutrons will be produced, and the process will continue.
Though the amount of energy released by a single nucleus is very small, when
such a “chain reaction” is started, a great deal of energy can quickly be
produced.

Упр.I.Подберите русские эквиваленты к следующим словам и
словосочетаниям:
1)amount, 2) to mean, 3)to release, 1) некоторые вещества, 2) цель,
4) some substances, 5) continually, 3) проходить, 4) невидимый,
6) to collide, 7) at the same time, 5) рассматривать, 6) значение,
8) to accelerate, 9) power, 10) ray, 7) редкий вид(форма), 8) луч,
11) thus, 12) meaning, 13) to pass, 9)высвобождать, 10)сталкиваться,
14) to obtain, 15) to contain,       11) количество, 12) постоянно,
16) to cause,17) purpose,18. speed, 13) таким образом, 14) частица,
19) rare form, 20) invisible.        15) получать., 16) энергия,
                                     17) содержать, 18) значение,
                                     19) означать, 20) ускорять,
                                     21) в то же самое время,
                                         22) скорость.

Упр.II.Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. What substances are known as “radio-active”?
2. When are alpha and beta particles thrown off ?
3. When are gamma rays produced ?
4. What is called “atomic energy” ?
5. How can electrically charged particles be accelerated ?
6. When will atomic energy be released ?