Английский язык. Мехеда О.Б. - 10 стр.

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among the masses. But Machiavelli saw more virtue in democratic rule than did
many previous philosophers, since he believed that the collective decisions of the
people show more wisdom than the decisions of the princes.
Machiavelli also had many doubts about the rationality of the masses.
He believed that they tended to behave emotionally and needed long training in
popular rule: selection for ruling positions is most effective if those most
naturally suited for such positions have equal opportunities to be discovered,
recruited, and trained. Here,
in short, Machiavelli announced the notion of an
"open society", commonly advocated today.
Notes to the text:
a mean – среднее
petty rascals – мелкие хулиганы
voting behaviour – поведение людей при голосовании
on the one hand – с одной стороны
on the other hand – с другой стороны
the former – первый из двух названных
in short – короче говоря
is fit to rule – подходит для правления
envy – зависть
they tend to behave – они обычно ведут себя.
2. Transcribe the following words. Practise their pronunciation.
to excel genius envy
consequence previous virtue
moderate behaviour elite
Renaissance Machiavelli doubt
rationale tyranny
3. Memorize the following words:
to announce, consequence, doubt, behaviour, elite, similar, prosperity,
notion, generation.
4. Give Russian equivalents for the following:
a significant document, to possess property, to follow rational principles, to
excel in wealth, consequences of inequality, concerned with similar problems, a
feature of organized society, more virtue in democratic rule, the rationality of the
masses, equal opportunities, effective selection.
5. Give English equivalents for the following:
значительный (важный), умеренный, умеренность, превосходить
(силой, богатством, красотой), превратиться в преступников,
неравенство в происхождении, отношение стратификации и политики,
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