Сборник технических текстов для домашнего чтения по английскому языку. Морозова М.А. - 9 стр.

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the plane tip to the left or right. This is called Banking. Banking makes the plane turn.
Like a bicycle, the plane tilts, or banks, as it turns. This process is also called Roll.
Cockpit -- Where the pilot sits. All of the controls and instruments are located here.
Control Stick -- The ailerons are connected to the Control Stick which is located in
cockpit. Pushing the stick to the left or to the right makes the ailerons on one wing go
down and the ailerons on the other wing go up. This makes the plane tip to the left or
right. This is called banking. This tipping is also called roll.
Drag
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-- One of the four basic principles of flight. Drag is the force encountered as an
airplane pushes through the air, which tends to slow the airplane down. There are two
types of drag, and an airplane must fight its way through both kinds of drag in order
to maintain steady flight.
Profile or parasite
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drag is the same kind of drag experienced from all objects in a
flow. Cars, rocks, and hockey pucks must all overcome profile drag. This type of
drag is caused by the airplane pushing the air out of the way as it moves forward.
This drag can easily be experienced by putting your hand out the window of a
moving vehicle (experienced en masse if your hand encounters something more
dense than air). The other type, called "induced drag," is the result of the production
of lift (you can't get something for nothing!). This drag is the part of the force pro-
duced by the wing that is parallel to the relative wind. Objects that create lift must
also overcome this induced drag, also known as drag-due-to-lift. Skin friction is a
function of the surface area wetted by the airstream. Any iacrease in surface area will
increase skin friction drag. The other component of profile drag is pressure drag.
Pressure drag is a function of the size of the wake behind an object in an airstream; it
can be reduced by streamlining the object in order to delay separation of the flow. A
side effect of streamlining is an increase in the wetted (exposed) area and hence the
skin friction, so it is important to ensure that a net reduction in drag is actually
achieved when adding streamlining.
Elevators -- The Elevators are movable flaps attached to the horizontal stabilizer used
to change the angle of AOA of the wing which will, in turn, change the pitch, moving
the airplane up and down. It is operated by moving the control stick forward or
backward, which in turn moves the elevator down or up, respectively.
When the pilot "moves the stick forward to make the trees bigger and back to make
them smaller", it is the elevator that does the work.
Engine -- This part of the plane produces thrust or forward movement necessary to
sustain flight. Thrust is one of the four basic rules behind plane flight. The engine
turns the propeller.
Flaps -- Located on the inner part of the wing, the Flaps help the plane fly slower.
This helps to increase the lifting force of the wing at slower speeds, like during
takeoff and landing. These slower speeds make takeoff and landing distances shorter.
The Flaps slide back and forth, and are controlled by a lever in the cockpit. Flaps are
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drag – сопротивление, торможение
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parasite-пассивный

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