Краткий курс лекций по лексикологии английского языка для студентов неязыковых вузов. Москалёва Е.В. - 41 стр.

                                      Lecture 4
               Structure of English word and Word-building in English

                  Plan.

                  I. Morphemes, types of morphemes.
                  II. Morphological analysis.
                  III. Affixation as a way of word-building.
                  IV. Compound words.
                  V. Conversion.
                  VI. Abbreviation.

                   I. If we describe a word as an autonomous unit of a
            language in which a particular meaning is associated with a
            particular sound complex and which is capable of a particular
            grammatical employment and able to form a sentence by itself,
            we have the possibility to distinguish it from the other
            fundamental language unit, namely, the morpheme.
                   Morpheme is also an association of a given meaning with a
            given sound pattern. But unlike a word it is not autonomous.
            Morphemes occur in speech only as constituent parts of words,
            not independently, although a word may consist of a single
            morpheme. Nor are they divisible into smaller meaningful
            language units. That is why the morpheme may be defined as the
            minimum meaningful language unit. The term morpheme is
            derived from Gr morphē “form” + -eme. The greek suffix –eme
            has been adopted by linguists to denote the smallest unit of the
            minimum distinctive feature. (Cf. phoneme, sememe). The
            morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit of form. A form in
            these cases is a recurring discrete unit of speech.
                   A form is said to be free if it may stand alone without
            changing its meaning; if not it is a bound form, so called because
            it is always bound to something else. For example, if we compare
            the words sportive and elegant and their parts, we see that sport,
            sportive and elegant may occur alone as utterances, whereas
            eleg-, ive, -ant are bound forms because they never occur alone. A

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