Краткий курс лекций по лексикологии английского языка для студентов неязыковых вузов. Москалёва Е.В. - 55 стр.

            lexical abbreviations, e.g. BBC is as a rule pronounced in the
            shortened form.
                  In some cases the translation of initiaiisms is next to
            impossible without using special dictionaries.
                  Initiaiisms are denoted in different ways. Very often they are
            expressed in the way they are pronounced in the language of their
            origin, e.g. ANZUS (Australia, New Zealand, United States) is
            given in Russian as AHЗУС, SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation
            Talks) was for a long time used in Russian as COЛТ, now a
            translation variant is used.
                  There are three types of initialisms in English:
                  a) initialisms with alphabetical reading, such as UK, BUP,
            CND etc;
                  b) initialisms which are read as if they are words, e.g.
            UNESCO, UNO, NATO etc;
                  c) initialisms which coincide with English words in their
            sound form, such initialisms are called acronyms, e.g. CLASS
            (Computer-based Laboratory for Automated School System).
                  Some scientists unite groups b) and c) into one group which
            they call acronyms.
                  Some initialisms can form new words in which they act as
            root morphemes by different ways of word-building:
                  a) affixation, e.g. AWALism, ex-rafer, ex- ROW,
            AIDSophobia etc;
                  b) conversion, e.g. to raff, to fly IFR (Instrument Flight
            Rules);
                  c) composition, e.g. STOLport, USAFman etc;
                  d) there are also compound-shortened words where the first
            component is an initial abbreviation with the alphabetical reading
            and the second one is a complete word, e.g. A-bomb, U-
            pronunciation, V -day etc. In some cases the first component is a
            complete word and the second component is an initial
            abbreviation with the alphabetical pronunciation, e.g. Three -Ds
            (Three dimensions).




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