Деньги - Money. Невежина С.Б - 49 стр.

      LISTENING AND DISCUSSION                                                not always come under the same obligation as the financial sector,
     T 17 Listen to the dialogue. What is the situation described?            because they are not allowed to undertake banking activities to earn
     Have you ever been in such a situation or alike? What                    interest, they are used especially at the placement stage for entering
would you do if you were in this situation?                                   the cash into the financial market. There is evidence, especially in the
                                                                              Netherlands, Italy and Belgium, of criminal groups moving from
                     MONEY LAUNDERING∗                                        major commercial banks to those called second line banks and often
                                                                              operating accounts in the name of offshore companies. These include a
      READING                                                                 wide variety of bureaus de change, cheque cashing services, insurers,
                                                                              brokers, importers, exporters and other trading companies, gold and
      Read the text and complete the tasks:                                   precious metal dealers, express delivery services and other money
                                                                              movers. Casinos or gambling houses are used at the placement stage.
                 MONEY LAUNDERING TRENDS                                      Enquiries into stockbroking markets in Austria, Finland and the United
                  IN THE EUROPEAN UNION14                                     Kingdom have, however, revealed that much illicitly gained money is
       The money launderer changes the illicit proceeds from one form         laundered in this circuit. A special mention has to be made of insurance
to another, often in rapid succession. The trend is towards acquiring         companies which are increasingly popular laundering mechanisms, as
tangible assets (such as cars, boats, aircraft, luxury items, real estate,    in Germany, especially in the premium insurance bond sector.
and precious metals) with the bulk cash originating directly from
criminal activity. Often, but not necessarily linked with offshore centres,         Vocabulary notes:
the mechanism of shell or front companies has been detected. These                  to launder – стирать и гладить (белье), отмывать (перен.)
are entities that generally exist only on paper. These legal entities are           illicit – незаконный, недозволенный, запрещенный
usually conducted specifically in order to carry out a wide range of                proceeds – доход, вырученная сумма
criminal businesses such as financial fraud, especially in the United               assets – 1) активы, авуары; 2) имущество; 3) имущество не-
Kingdom, and fraud against the European Union, especially in the              состоятельного должника
Netherlands, Belgium and Italy. They do not participate in actual                   real estate – недвижимость, недвижимое имущество syn.
commerce and are run by straw men, as often found in Italy. Their             real property
purpose is quite exclusively criminal and they often face a 'law                    real estate duty – налог на унаследованную недвижимость
enforcement risk' from investigations about the real nature of their                bulk – большое количество
existence. This is the reason why they are closed down almost as soon               straw – солома
as they are formed and often the accountancy books are physically                   a straw man – 1) соломенное чучело; 2) ненадежный чело-
eliminated in order to conceal any trace that could help future or            век; 3) подставное, фиктивное лицо
further investigations.                                                             bureau de change – пункт обмена валюты
       Money launderers are ever more oriented towards the use of                   gambling house – игорный дом
non-bank financial institutions which are still not completely or                   to gamble – играть в азартные игры
properly regulated in some European Union member states. As they do                 stockbroker – биржевой маклер
                                                                                    bond – 1) облигация; 2) долговое обязательство; 3) тамо-
   ∗                                                                          женная закладная
     To learn more about money laundering see SUPPLEMENTARY TASKS:
Block 9 (p. 72).

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