Деньги - Money. Невежина С.Б - 51 стр.

                                                                          Wampum 13……. (служили) as money to those early settlers, and
                                                                          money 14……… (представляли) a vast improvement over barter.
                   SUPPLEMENTARY TASKS                                                                          (from Applied Economy)

      Block 6                                                                   2. Retell the story in indirect speech:
      HISTORY OF MONEY
                                                                                            HOW MONEY WAS INVENTED
      1. Complete the sentences with the words given in the box.                  This simple fictional children's story has far reaching economic
                                                                          consequences and laws to be learned from common sense, and is the
       were unwilling, accept, hungry, purchase, settled,                 basis of proof for the Laws of Collateralism.
         cloth, consisted of, to sell, to swap, served,                           Once upon a time, there were three men in a village, a shoe-
          drawbacks, represented, trade, associated                       maker, a farmer and a tailor. No money existed at that time, and all
                                                                          trade was done by barter, i.e. the exchange of goods of one sort for
       When the English colonists first 1…….(поселились) in the           those of another.
New World they brought little of the money they had used at home,                 All was well, until one day the shoemaker ran out of corn. So he
which they called pounds, shillings and pence. It didn't really matter,   went along to the farmer and asked him to give him a bag of corn in
though, because the Indians they traded with were not interested in       exchange for a pair of shoes.
British money. The native Americans 2…….(не хотели) to exchange                   'I'm sorry,' said the farmer, 'but I already have a pair of shoes, so
food for small pieces of paper and metal. They would, however,            I can't let you have the bag of corn'.
3……. (торговали) fish, furs and other essentials through barter.                  It was a cold day, and hardly had the shoemaker left, when the
Barter is the exchange of one good or service for another. The earliest   farmer felt a cold shiver down his spine. 'I think I'll take this bag of corn
form of trade was by barter. For example, a 4…….(голодная) Puritan        down to the tailor and get myself a warm coat in exchange,' he said.
family with some English 5……. (ткани) might have been able to                     'Sorry,' said the tailor when he got there. 'I can't give you the
trade it for fish with one of the native Americans. But barter has many   coat Mr. Farmer as I have enough corn already. In any case, I need a
6……..(недостатков). Before the Puritan family could plan their fish
                                                                          new pair of shoes, and that's what I'm going to trade this coat for.'
dinner, they had to find someone willing to accept cloth in payment for
                                                                                  But when the tailor got to the shoemaker's house, he was also in
fish. And suppose one wanted 7…….(обменять) a cow for a fish.
                                                                          for a shock. 'I already have a coat, Mr. Tailor,' said the shoemaker.
How does one make change out of a cow? The many problems
                                                                          'Sorry, but you can't have the pair of shoes'.
8…….(связанные) with barter led the Massachusetts colonists to turn
                                                                                  So, there they were, three miserable and frustrated men. The
to wampum. Wampum, a form of money among native Americans in
                                                                          shoemaker was hungry, the farmer was cold and the tailor's feet were
Massachusetts in the 1640's, 9 …….(состояли из) certain black or
white shells. (Black shells were worth twice as much as the white         sore. They couldn't barter anymore.
ones.) Both colonists and Indians would cheerfully 10…….                          However, the shoemaker was an Inventor and an optimist – one
(принимали) wampum in payment for anything they had 11…….                 who creates opportunities out of difficulties. He said to himself, 'Surely
(продать) in those days. Wampum became the medium of exchange in          there must be a way out of this frustrating situation. I want a bag of
this early colonial period. Those who had to have English money           corn from the farmer who doesn't want my shoes, the farmer wants a
could 12…….(купить) it at the rate of six white shells to the penny.      coat from the tailor who doesn't want his corn and the tailor wants a
                                                                          pair of shoes from me and I don't want his coat'.

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