Английский язык. Никитина С.Я. - 6 стр.

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6
Ex. 9. GRAMMAR REVISION: Past Simple and Past Participle of regular
verbs (-ed forms). Translate the following sentences paying attention to
different functions of-ed forms.
1. They spoke through the locked door. 2. I looked out of the room, attracted by
a strange sound. 3. What do you think of the equipment being used here? 4. He will tell
you about the equipment used in the studio. 5. The children who had played in the yard
went home. 6. He wished to forget that sad story told to him by his sisters. 7. He gave
me some printed pages. 8. Having finished that book, I quit writing at all. 9. Why don’t
you have your eyes tested? 10. The speed limit is to be introduced gradually. 11. The
runways are being lengthened at all the main airports. 12. This notice has been altered.
13. The damaged ship was being towed into harbour when the towline broke. 14. This
scientific theory has been proved to be false. 15. Why wasn’t the car either locked or
put into the garage? 16. For a long time the Earth was believed to be flat. 17. The
referee was being escorted from the football field by a strong police guard. 18. They
should have planned the expedition more carefully. 19. He watched TV when the phone
rang. Very unwillingly he turned down the sound and went to answer it. 20. When I
arrived, she had lunch. She apologized for starting without me but said that she always
lunched at 12.30.
Read the text and check your reading speed. Translate the text using a
dictionary if necessary.
M
ODERNIZING LOCOMOTIVES AT LOW COST
Brazilian Federal Railways (RFSA) was going from bad to worse, with
increasing financial losses and reductions in tonnage and market share. It was merely a
question of time until much of the railway would probably vanish, as the government
faced growing financial losses plus diminishing tonnages, and the railway lacked funds
even for ordinary maintenance. RFSA could only dream of modernization – a familiar
situation in many third world countries today.
Against this background, the government decided to privatize the railway in the
hope that the new owners would not only stem the losses, but invest enough to begin
modernization and to win back traffic that had been lost to the highways.
The private railways that came into being as a result found the network in need
of heavy investment. Cutting out all nonsense, to the dismay of rail enthusiasts, they
abandoned electrification and passenger trains (commuter trains are operated separately
by one private and several different companies) and began to modernize their freight
operations.
One of the solutions the railways adopted right from the beginning was the
reconstruction of retired locomotives, and the repair of existing but non-functioning
locomotives. Another act, well published in Brazil, was the purchase of used
locomotives from Namibia and South Africa, rebuilt and regaguged from 1067mm to
the meter gauge used by more than 80 per cent of Brazil’s railways.

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