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9. Match the words which are very close in their meaning.
1) clarity
2) technique
3) rigorous
4) to spark off
5) topic
6) creative
7) initial
8) to undertake
9) eventual
10) thinking
11) intelligence
12) to explore
13) to enable
a) final
b) inventive
c) procedure
d) theme
e) clearness
f) to carry out
g) reflection
h) to investigate
i) to empower
j) to cause
k) careful
l) primary
m) information
10. Match the words having the opposite meaning.
1. to clarify
2. to contrast
3. initial
4. strength
5. poor
6. sensible
7. up-to-date
8. to generate
9. analysis
a. synthesis
b. eventual
c. excellent
d. to compare
e. out-of-date
f. to degenerate
g. unreasonable
h. to obscure
i. weakness
11. Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a negative word that
fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
TOPICS TO AVOID
To avoid wasting time and effort , you ought to know that
certain kinds of topics are (0) unsuitable
for research pa-
pers. Avoid the following problems when choosing the
topic.
1. Do not reuse a paper you have written for another in-
structor. To pretend you have done new work when, in
fact, you have not done any is (1)_________________ .
2. Do not choose a topic which you do not plan to do all
the work yourself. If anyone else does either the research
or any of the writing on this assignment, the work is not
your own and is, therefore, (2) _______________ .
3. Do not choose a topic about which your conclusions
will be (4)________________________ .
4. Do not start work on any topic unless you think it will
hold your interest long enough to complete the paper.
Research is a difficult enough assignment in itself. If you
have to fight boredom with your own topic along the way,
it becomes (5)______________________ .
5. Be wary of choosing a topic so neutral that you cannot
express an attitude toward it. Unless you plan no more
than a simple factual report – and not a research paper –
you will need to express some views or opinions about
your material. Many teachers (6)_____________ reporto-
rial papers.
6. Do not pursue a topic that seems to go nowhere for
you. If you have great trouble narrowing a topic to a man-
ageable subject of finding an approach to a subject, per-
SUIT
HONEST
ACCEPT
RELEVANCE
POSSIBILITY
COURAGE
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