Английский язык. Писарева Л.П. - 23 стр.

    bearings, and many engines use this system for camshaft, valve gear and auxiliary
    bearings.
        In small engines the cylinder walls are lubricated by the oil spray produced when
    oil under pressure is forced out of the crankpin bearings. A positive-drive pump in
    the crankcase, forces oil to a filter, then distributes it to the crankshaft and valve
    mechanism. Drilled holes in the crankshaft carry oil to the crankpin bearings where
    some oil escapes at the sides to produce an oil spray which bathes the cylinder walls.
    The rest passes through a long hole in the connecting rod to the wristpin bearings.
    Excess oil from the various parts of the system returns to the crankcase for
    recirculation.
   In large engines, a separate mechanical force-feed system is usually used to oil the
cylinder walls. A forced-feed lubricator forces oil through tubing correctly to one or
more points or feeds in each cylinder wall. The number of feeds per engine cylinder
depends on the cylinder diameter.
        The lubricator consists of a group of small reciprocating pumps mounted in a
single casing, each serves as an oil reservoir. Each pump is connected by tubing to a
cylinder feed. The pumps are driven from the engine by an eccentric, or by a crank, or
by a gearing. The amount of oil fed by each pump is usually separately adjustable. The
excess oil drains off the cylinder walls into the bearing oil in the crankcase.
        All engine lubricating systems provide for oil storage. The reservoir to which the
oil drains from the bearings and cylinders is called a «sump.» Many engines have wet
sumps; that is the oil is stored in the crankcase itself or in a sump which is part of the
crankcase. The vigorous motion of the crankshaft and connecting rod creates air
currents which agitate the oil's surface and produce crankcase «fog.»
        To avoid the excessive lubrication of the cylinder walls caused by this fog, some
engines use a dry sump. In this arrangement a storage tank outside the engine is used
and the oil drains out of the crankcase as soon as it reaches it.
        The complete pressure-lubrication system includes also the following:
        1. An auxiliary pump, driven by electric motor. Its purpose is to supply
           lubrication before the engine reaches speed and also after shutdown.
        2. An oil strainer or a filter, or both, to prevent dirt from passing into the engine.
        3. An oil cooler, to hold temperature within the desired limit.

                                             Exercises

   I. Переведите письменно текст.
   II. Переведите предложения,                 обращая      внимание        на    функцию
   инфинитива:

   1. To properly lubricate the engine we must provide an oil film between the rubbing
      surfaces.
   2. Most engines have a pressure-circulating system to lubricate the main and
      connecting rod bearings.
   3. To oil the cylinder walls a separate mechanical force-feed system is used.

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