Английский язык: Сборник текстов и упражнений для студентов специальности "Эксплуатация судовых энергетических установок". Писарева Л.П. - 31 стр.

     III. Complete the sentences.
     1. This compressor is … unit.
     2. All the diesel engines are started by …
     3. The compressors can be driven …
     4. If an attached compressor is used …
     5. Automatic controls will start and stop the compressors …
     6. Timed valves in the cylinder heads are used for …
     7. The levers are mounted on …
     8. The air main is connected …
     9. Spring-loaded valves open when …
     10. The air starting valve is operated by …
     11. Air is admitted to …
     12. Starting controls are moved … and cut off …

     IV. Read abbreviations in full and translate them into Russian.
     450 lbs, 2.100 h.p., b.h.p., 28 in, 64 psi, etc., i.e., 30ºC, 100ºF, cu. ft., H.P., LP.

      V. Translate from Russian into English.
      1. Откройте нагнетательный клапан на циркуляционном насосе.
      2. Проверьте давление в ресивере пускового воздуха.
      3. Откройте вентель на трубопроводе подачи топлива.
      4. Включите насос охлаждающей воды.
      5. Проверьте давление масла.
      6. Прокачайте систему пускового воздуха, чтобы удалить влагу (воду) и смазать
все клапаны системы.
      7. Проверните коленчатый вал двигателя на 1 оборот и убедитесь, что все движу-
щиеся части работают свободно.

      VI. Ask questions to the following sentences.
      1. Wear of the piston can be corrected by grinding the piston to a smaller diameter.
      2. The bearings may pound when the engine is being shut down.
      3. Oil reaching the piston pin flown out through from three or five drilled passages to
spray upon the piston surface.
      4. One of the two methods of cooling the interior of a piston crown is to circulate lubri-
cating oil through a tube into a chamber formed in the piston crown.
      5. Thin liners in certain conditions are better than thick ones.



                                             Lesson 11
                                       It’s Useful to Know

                                       Single-acting Engine

       The single-acting diesel engine utilizes only one end of the piston as a pressure surface
against which the expanding gas in the cylinder exerts the pressure that is transmitted to the
crankshaft, and consequently all the processes involved in the thermal cycles used are carried
out on one side of the piston. During the one additional stroke and the three additional strokes
required in the two-cycle and four-cycle engines, respectively, to complete the cycle of opera-
tion, the piston, instead of transmitting power to the crankshaft, is being driven by the energy
that was stored in the flywheel during the power stroke. The majority of diesel engines are of
the single-acting type. No use is made of the lower part of the piston except in the case of
crankcase scavenging engines.
                                                 31